{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T22:21:14Z","timestamp":1767910874519,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ethnicity and Disease Inc","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ethn Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To identify differences in short-term outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) according to various racial\/ethnic groups.Design: Analysis of Cerner de-identified COVID-19 dataset.Setting: A total of 62 health care facilities.Participants: The cohort included 49,277 adult COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized from December 1, 2019 to November 13, 2020.Methods: We compared patients\u2019 age, gender, individual components of Charl\u00adson and Elixhauser comorbidities, medical complications, use of do-not-resuscitate, use of palliative care, and socioeconomic status between various racial and\/or ethnic groups. We further compared the rates of in-hos\u00adpital mortality and non-routine discharges between various racial and\/or ethnic groups.Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital mortali\u00adty. The secondary outcome was non-routine discharge (discharge to destinations other than home, such as short-term hospitals or other facilities including intermediate care and skilled nursing homes).Results: Compared with White patients, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher among African American (OR 1.5; 95%CI:1.3-1.6, P&lt;.001), Hispanic (OR1.4; 95%CI:1.3-1.6, P&lt;.001), and Asian or Pacific Islander (OR 1.5; 95%CI: 1.1-1.9, P=.002) patients after adjustment for age and gender, Elixhauser comorbidities, do-not-resuscitate status, palliative care use, and socioeconomic status.Conclusions: Our study found that, among hospitalized patients with COVID-2019, African American, Hispanic, and Asian or Pacific Islander patients had increased mortality compared with White patients after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, and do-not-resuscitate\/pallia\u00adtive care status. Our findings add additional perspective to other recent studies. Ethn Dis. 2021;31(3):389-398; doi:10.18865\/ed.31.3.389<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18865\/ed.31.3.389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T14:04:59Z","timestamp":1626357899000},"page":"389-398","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effect of Race and Ethnicity on In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID-2019"],"prefix":"10.18865","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4962-540X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adnan I.","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William I.","family":"Baskett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9683-7590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Shyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danny","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iryna","family":"Lobanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. Hasan","family":"Naqvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vetta S.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi-Ren","family":"Shyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"18154","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"container-title":["Ethnicity &amp; Disease"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ethndis.org\/edonline\/index.php\/ethndis\/article\/viewFile\/1573\/2261","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ethndis.org\/edonline\/index.php\/ethndis\/article\/viewFile\/1573\/2263","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ethndis.org\/edonline\/index.php\/ethndis\/article\/download\/1573\/2261","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T14:20:45Z","timestamp":1626358845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ethndis.org\/edonline\/index.php\/ethndis\/article\/view\/1573"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18865\/ed.31.3.389","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-0826","1049-510X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-0826","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1049-510X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]}}}