{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:41:14Z","timestamp":1792683674616,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ethnicity and Disease Inc","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Black patients have disproportionately more cases of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) and more severe disease. To better understand these disparities, we examined the geographic distribution of patients with PPCM by race and evaluated associations between race and social vulnerability. We hypothesized that Black patients with PPCM are more likely than White patients to live in socially vulnerable communities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective cohort study of patients with PPCM defined by the National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute was conducted at a single center from January 2000 to November 2017. The US census tract for each patient was identified, and social vulnerability was assessed using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). Higher SVI values represent a more vulnerable community. SVI and select subcomponents were compared by self-reported race.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Among 90 patients with PPCM (47 White, 43 Black), the ejection fraction at diagnosis was similar between groups, although Black patients were more likely to have an ejection fraction of \u226440% at 6 to 12 months postpartum. Black race was associated with living in areas of greater social vulnerability; mean SVI was significantly higher among Black individuals than among White individuals (.56 versus .33, P=.0003). Black patients lived in areas with more people living in poverty, higher unemployment, and more single-parent households.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Black patients with PPCM were more likely to have persistent left ventricular dysfunction and live in areas of greater social vulnerability. Strategies to achieve equitable social determinants of health are needed to improve health outcomes in Black patients with PPCM.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.18865\/ethndis-2022-2030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T23:18:08Z","timestamp":1724282288000},"page":"173-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Social Vulnerability May Underlie Racial Disparities in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.18865","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Lindsay Speros","family":"Robbins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Center for Maternal and Child Health Equity and Advocacy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeff M.","family":"Szychowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Center for Women\u2019s Reproductive Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"},{"name":"3 Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariann","family":"Nassel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankit","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayamo G.","family":"Oben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Center for Women\u2019s Reproductive Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"},{"name":"6 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily K.","family":"Armour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Brigham & Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indranee N.","family":"Rajapreyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9 Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Wingate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan T.","family":"Tita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Center for Women\u2019s Reproductive Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"},{"name":"6 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel G.","family":"Sinkey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Center for Women\u2019s Reproductive Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"},{"name":"6 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18154","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2024082123164968100_i1945-0826-34-3-173-b01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.05.007","article-title":"Site of delivery contribution to Black-White severe maternal morbidity disparity","volume":"215","author":"Howell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet 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