{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:06:24Z","timestamp":1724285184763},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ethnicity and Disease Inc","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome, or long COVID, has a variety of symptoms, but little is known about the condition. This study evaluated the association between individual factors, social determinants of health, and the likelihood of long COVID by assessing internet usage as an indicator of viable access to telehealth.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey identified adults who (1) reported a previous COVID-19-positive test and\/or diagnosis and (2) experienced long COVID. A 2-stage selection model predicted COVID-19 infection in the first stage and long COVID in the second stage. To test the potential use of telehealth, binary dependent variable regression evaluated internet usage among respondents with long COVID.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>About 40% (N=10,318) of respondents had tested positive\/been diagnosed with COVID-19, but less than 20% of them (N=1797) had long COVID. Although older respondents were less likely to have COVID (odds ratio [OR]=0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.44, 0.53), they were more likely to experience long COVID (OR=1.63; CI=1.37, 1.93). Relative to White individuals, Black individuals were less likely to have COVID (OR=0.78; CI=0.69, 0.89) but significantly more likely (OR=1.21; CI=1.09, 1.64) to experience long COVID. Long COVID was also more likely among low-income earners (first income-to-poverty ratio quartile OR=1.40, CI=1.14, 1.72; second income-to-poverty ratio OR=1.37, CI=1.14, 1.64) and those without a college degree (OR=1.42; CI=1.01, 1.66). There were no statistically significant differences in internet access between racial, geographic, or income groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Long COVID is significantly more likely among Black individuals and low-income households than among their counterparts, but with few recourses available, telehealth service delivery could be a feasible intervention mechanism.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.18865\/ethndis-2024-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T19:19:10Z","timestamp":1724267950000},"page":"155-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multilevel Determinants of Long COVID and Potential for Telehealth Intervention"],"prefix":"10.18865","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Molly","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Estores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"18154","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2024082123170533800_i1945-0826-34-3-155-b01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e235856","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.5856","article-title":"Definition of post\u2013COVID-19 condition among published research studies","volume":"6","author":"Chaichana","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082123170533800_i1945-0826-34-3-155-b02","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02737-6","article-title":"Coding long COVID: characterizing a new disease through an ICD-10 lens","volume":"21","author":"Pfaff","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2024082123170533800_i1945-0826-34-3-155-b03","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n          . 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