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To date, the majority of studies examining bark beetle outbreaks and subsequent fire severity in the U.S. Rocky Mountains have focused on outbreaks of mountain pine beetle (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>;<jats:italic>Dendroctonus ponderosae<\/jats:italic>) in lodgepole pine (<jats:italic>Pinus contorta<\/jats:italic>) forests, but few studies, particularly field studies, have addressed the effects of the severity of spruce beetle (<jats:italic>Dendroctonus rufipennis<\/jats:italic>Kirby) infestation on subsequent fire severity in subalpine Engelmann spruce (<jats:italic>Picea engelmannii<\/jats:italic>) and subalpine fir (<jats:italic>Abies lasiocarpa<\/jats:italic>) forests. In Colorado, the annual area infested by spruce beetle outbreaks is rapidly rising, while<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPB<\/jats:styled-content>outbreaks are subsiding; therefore understanding this relationship is of growing importance. We collected extensive field data in subalpine forests in the eastern San Juan Mountains, southwestern Colorado, USA, to investigate whether a gray\u2010stage (&lt;5\u00a0yr from outbreak to time of fire) spruce beetle infestation affected fire severity. Contrary to the expectation that bark beetle infestation alters subsequent fire severity, correlation and multivariate generalized linear regression analysis revealed no influence of pre\u2010fire spruce beetle severity on nearly all field or remotely sensed measurements of fire severity. Findings were consistent across moderate and extreme burning conditions. In comparison to severity of the pre\u2010fire beetle outbreak, we found that topography, pre\u2010outbreak basal area, and weather conditions exerted a stronger effect on fire severity. Our finding that beetle infestation did not alter fire severity is consistent with previous retrospective studies examining fire activity following other bark beetle outbreaks and reiterates the overriding influence of climate that creates conditions conducive to large, high\u2010severity fires in the subalpine zone of Colorado. Both bark beetle outbreaks and wildfires have increased autonomously due to recent climate variability, but this study does not support the expectation that post\u2010beetle outbreak forests will alter fire severity, a result that has important implications for management and policy decisions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1890\/15-1121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]],"date-time":"2016-05-06T08:25:43Z","timestamp":1462523143000},"page":"700-711","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Fire severity unaffected by spruce beetle outbreak in spruce\u2010fir forests in southwestern Colorado"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Andrus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80304 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas T.","family":"Veblen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80304 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecosystem and Landscape Ecology Lab Department of Zoology University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80304 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Ecology, silviculture, and management of the Engelmann spruce \u2010 subalpine fir type in the central and southern Rocky Mountains","author":"Alexander R.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2003)084[0362:IBFASB]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"691","article-title":"Aspect transformation in site productivity research","volume":"64","author":"Beers R. 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