{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T18:54:06Z","timestamp":1789584846113,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evolutionary losses of photosynthesis in terrestrial plants all originate in photosynthetic ancestors. The adaptive context under which this transition happens has remained elusive because of the rarity of plants in which both photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic forms exist as a polymorphism. Here, we report on demographic patterns in photosynthetic (\u201cgreen\u201d) and nonphotosynthetic (\u201calbino\u201d) individuals within populations of two such species, <jats:italic>Cephalanthera damasonium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C.\u00a0longifolia<\/jats:italic>, which also acquire nutrition from their mycorrhizal hosts (partial mycoheterotrophy). We hypothesized that demographic shifts in albinos relative to greens would include compensatory patterns with respect to fitness, such that maladaptive changes to survival or reproduction would be adaptively countered by changes to other parameters, such as growth probabilities. We tracked individuals in two populations of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0damasonium<\/jats:italic> for 3\u00a0yr, and in one population of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0longifolia<\/jats:italic> for 14\u00a0yr. We then analyzed vital rates for both phenotypes using general linear mixed models (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLMM<\/jats:styled-content>s) and multi\u2010state capture mark\u2010recapture models (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMR<\/jats:styled-content>), and used these models to develop size\u2010classified, function\u2010based population projection matrices. We estimated fitness as the deterministic population growth rate (\u03bb) for each phenotype, and explored the impact of shifts in demographic patterns to albinism via life table response experiments (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTRE<\/jats:styled-content>s). Mortality differed between greens and albinos, but not similarly across species. Albinos generally sprouted less than greens, and flowered more when small but less at other times. Albinos typically had a higher probability of fruiting, although their lower flower numbers yielded lower numbers of fruits overall. Fitness did not differ significantly among phenotypes. Thus, we did not find significant evidence that albinism is adaptive or maladaptive; however, if in fact it is the latter, then we did find evidence of incomplete compensation for declines in survival and reproduction from growth transitions, particularly to small flowering size classes in <jats:italic>C.\u00a0damasonium<\/jats:italic>, and to large vegetative size classes in <jats:italic>C.\u00a0longifolia<\/jats:italic>. These patterns indicate some support for the idea that albinism may lead to the speciation of mycoheterotrophic plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1890\/15-1336.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T01:04:08Z","timestamp":1464829448000},"page":"1452-1462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Demographic shifts related to mycoheterotrophy and their fitness impacts in two <i>Cephalanthera<\/i> species"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Shefferson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Systems Sciences University of Tokyo  3\u20108\u20101 Komaba Tokyo 153\u20108902 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Evolution et Diversit\u00e9 Biologique Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier \u2013 CNRS UMR5174  118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00dclle","family":"P\u00fcttsepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences  Street Kreutzwaldi 5 51014 Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc\u2010Andr\u00e9","family":"Selosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Syst\u00e9matique \u00c9volution, Biodiversit\u00e9 (ISYEB \u2010 UMR 7205 \u2013 CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE) Mus\u00e9um national d'Histoire naturelle Sorbonne Universit\u00e9s  57 rue Cuvier CP50 75005 Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation University of Gdansk  Wita Stwosza 59 80\u2010308 Gdansk Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/b06-101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"Barton K. 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