{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:00:42Z","timestamp":1777676442065,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Publishing Company","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatal Network"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Nearly 50 years after it was thought to be conquered, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) continues to cause vision disturbances and blindness among prematurely born infants. During the 1940s and early 1950s, researchers and caregivers first identified and struggled to eliminate this problem, which seemed to come from nowhere and was concentrated among the most advanced premature nurseries in the U.S. Research studies initially identified many potential causes, none of which could be proved conclusively. By the mid-1950s, oxygen was identified as the culprit, and its use was immediately restricted. The rate of blindness among premature infants decreased significantly. ROP was not cured, however. By the 1960s, it had reappeared. The history of ROP serves to remind us that, despite our best intentions, the care and treatment of premature newborns will always carry with it the possibility of iatrogenic disease. This caution is worth remembering as we work to expand the quality and quantity of clinical research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1891\/0730-0832.23.2.31","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,16]],"date-time":"2011-11-16T14:55:04Z","timestamp":1321455304000},"page":"31-38","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Discovery of Retrolental Fibroplasia and the Role of Oxygen: A Historical Review, 1942\u20131956"],"prefix":"10.1891","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Reedy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"793","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1","unstructured":"Gerontis CC. 2002. Retinopathy of prematurity. <i>eMedicine<\/i> (October 15):1\u201311. Retrieved June 16, 2003, fro m <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.emedicine.com\/OPH\/topic413.htm'>http:\/\/ www. emedicine. com\/ OPH\/ topic413. htm<\/a>"},{"issue":"3","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.3.809","article-title":"Screening examination of premature infants for retinopathy of prematurity.","volume":"108","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"3","unstructured":"Association for Retinopathy of Prematurity and Related Diseases. 2003. ROP training website, introduction and modules 1\u20134. Retrieved June 14, 2003, from <a target=\"_blank\" href='http:\/\/www.ropard.org\/learning\/'>http:\/\/www. ropard. org\/learning\/<\/a>"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chow LC, et al., and the CSMC Oxygen Administration Study Group. 2003. Can changes in clinical practice decrease the incidence of severe retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants? <i>Pediatrics<\/i> 111(2): 339\u2013345.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.2.339"},{"key":"5","volume-title":"History of the Care and Feeding of the Premature Infant.","author":"TE. Cone","year":"1985"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Terry TL. 1942. Extreme prematurity and fibroblastic overg rowth of persistent vascular sheath behind each crystalline lens. Part I: Preliminary report. <i>American Journal of Ophthalmology<\/i> 25: 203\u2013204.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(42)92088-9"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1951.03670100011003","article-title":"Chicago plan for care of premature infants.","volume":"146","author":"JH. 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Silverman","year":"1980"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Terry TL. 1943. Fibroblastic overgrowth of persistent tunica vasculosa lentis in premature infants. Part II: Report of cases\u2014Clinical aspects. <i>Archives of Ophthalmology<\/i> 29: 36\u201353.","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1943.00880130054003"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1943.00880130074004","article-title":"Fibroblastic overgrowth of persistent tunica vasculosa lentis in premature infants. Part IV: Etiologic factors.","volume":"29","author":"TL. Te rry","year":"1943","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1945.00890150047006","article-title":"Retrolental fibroplasia in premature infants. Part V: Further studies on fibroplastic overg rowth of persistent tunica vasculosa lentis.","volume":"33","author":"TL. 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