{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T14:10:34Z","timestamp":1783174234380,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Publishing Company","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Care Management Journals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although the helping alliance has been a topic of investigation in psychotherapy research for decades, few studies have examined the role of the helping alliance in assertive community treatment programs serving people with severe mental illness. In this article, we describe a series of analyses focused on the case manager\u2019s view of the helping alliance. The study addressed two primary questions: What factors facilitate a positive helping alliance in case management? What is the relationship of the helping alliance to client outcomes? Results indicated that few client variables predicted the helping alliance. Providing a wider range of services was associated with a stronger alliance at months but not at 18 months. A strong alliance at 18 months was associated with a strong alliance at 6 months. In addition, the alliance at 18 months was rated more positively for clients who were African-American and who did not have a substance use disorder. The helping alliance predicted client satisfaction, anxiety-depression, and hostility-suspicion outcomes at 6 months. However, the helping alliance did not predict any of the client outcome variables at 18 months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1891\/cmaj.3.3.120.57441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,20]],"date-time":"2005-01-20T03:39:40Z","timestamp":1106192380000},"page":"120-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Case Manager\u2019s View of the Helping Alliance"],"prefix":"10.1891","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"W. Dean","family":"Klinkenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Calsyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary A.","family":"Morse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"793","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0149-7189(82)90059-3"},{"key":"p_2_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-006X.69.3.573"},{"key":"p_3_19","unstructured":"Barrera, M. (1981). Social support of pregnant adolescents: Assessment issues. In B. H. Gottlieb (Ed.), Social networks and social support. Beverley Hills: Sage."},{"key":"p_4_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4679(199708)53:5<451::AID-JCLP5>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"p_5_21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7189(96)00035-3"},{"key":"p_6_22","unstructured":"Davis, L. E. & Proctor, E. K. (1989). Race, gender, and class. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall."},{"key":"p_7_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1990.01810150028006","volume":"47","author":"Frank A. F.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"p_8_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-006X.56.4.483"},{"issue":"2","key":"p_9_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1037\/h0095517","volume":"18","author":"Gehrs M.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal"},{"key":"p_10_26","unstructured":"Horvath, A. O. (1994). Research on the alliance. In A.O. Horvath & L. S. Greenberg (Eds.), The helping alliance: Theory research and practice (pp. 259-286). New York: John Wiley."},{"key":"p_11_27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.38.2.139"},{"key":"p_12_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018758917277"},{"key":"p_13_29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0149-7189(79)90094-6"},{"key":"p_14_30","first-page":"261","volume":"13","author":"Lukoff O.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Bulletin"},{"key":"p_15_31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-006X.68.3.438"},{"key":"p_16_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02506898","volume":"22","author":"Morse G. A.","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Community Psychology"},{"key":"p_17_33","first-page":"1005","volume":"43","author":"Morse G. A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"p_18_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.48.4.497","volume":"48","author":"Morse G. A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"p_19_35","unstructured":"NCS Assessments. (1993). BSI Manual. Minneapolis, MN: Author."},{"key":"p_20_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.46.7.719","volume":"46","author":"Neale M. S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"p_21_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199309000-00004","volume":"181","author":"Priebe P. D.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"issue":"2","key":"p_22_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02518753","volume":"22","author":"Solomon P.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Health Administration"},{"key":"p_23_39","unstructured":"Stein, L. J. & Test, M. A. (Eds.). (1985). The training in community living model: A decade of experience. New directions for mental health services (No. 26.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass."},{"key":"p_24_40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.1.3.207"}],"container-title":["Care Management Journals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1891\/cmaj.3.3.120.57441","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,13]],"date-time":"2019-09-13T04:45:17Z","timestamp":1568349917000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/connect.springerpub.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1891\/cmaj.3.3.120.57441"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1891\/cmaj.3.3.120.57441"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/cmaj.3.3.120.57441","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-0987","1938-9019"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-0987","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-9019","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]}}}