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However, existing research has not yet explored whether emotion regulation difficulties can simultaneously explain these negative and positive changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A sample of childhood trauma survivors (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 223) provided responses to an online survey, with findings assessed using structural equation modeling techniques.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emotion regulation difficulties were found to mediate between childhood trauma severity and cluster B traits (<jats:italic>ab<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>cs<\/jats:sub> = \u2212.05), and between childhood trauma severity and PTG (<jats:italic>ab<jats:sub>cs<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> = .13), with small to medium indirect effects. The final model accounted for more variance in cluster B traits (56%) than PTG (10%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emotion regulation is therefore a key mediator of positive and negative psychological changes and should be the focus of intervention efforts among childhood trauma survivors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1891\/vv-d-20-00022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T16:22:41Z","timestamp":1657642961000},"page":"706-722","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Emotion Regulation Mediates Posttraumatic Growth and Cluster B Personality Traits After Childhood Trauma"],"prefix":"10.1891","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5314-1005","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura","family":"Carter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5469-7769","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0621-3093","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicola","family":"Graham-Kevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"793","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.11.008"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2013.04.012"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.11.004"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.4","first-page":"131","article-title":"Borderline and Cluster C personality disorders manifest distinct physiological responses to psychosocial stress","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2011.03.001"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.6","first-page":"550","article-title":"Nature of child sexual abuse and psychopathology in adult survivors: Results from a clinical sample in Scotland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.7","first-page":"37","article-title":"Trauma perceptions, emotion regulation difficulties, and self-compassion predict posttraumatic stress symptoms following childhood abuse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.9","first-page":"72","article-title":"National household survey of adverse childhood experiences and their relationship with resilience to health-harming behaviors in England","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Medicine"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.10","first-page":"377","article-title":"Cumulative childhood trauma and adult sexual satisfaction: Mediation by affect dysregulation and sexual anxiety in men and women","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.53.100901.135239"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401003042"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.13","first-page":"286","article-title":"Rumination, event centrality, and perceived control as predictors of post-traumatic growth and distress: The Cognitive Growth and Stress model","year":"2017","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.14","first-page":"232","article-title":"Trauma characteristics and posttraumatic growth: The mediating role of avoidance coping, intrusive thoughts, and social support","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.15","first-page":"384","article-title":"The impact of self-reported childhood trauma on emotion regulation in borderline personality disorder and major depression","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000014"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.17","first-page":"28785","article-title":"Hostile\u2013Helpless states of mind mediate relations between childhood abuse severity and personality disorder features","year":"2015","journal-title":"Translational Developmental Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022071209223582000_36.6.706.18","first-page":"11","article-title":"What we have changed our minds about: Part 1. 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