{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:13:23Z","timestamp":1790885603439,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]],"date-time":"2007-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,9]],"date-time":"2009-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":769,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cobalt is widespread in the environment and excess dietary Co exposure can result in toxic effects in many organisms. However, whether the multi-biological toxicities caused by Co exposure can be transferred from parents to progeny has not been clarified. In the present study, we analyzed the multiple toxicities of Co to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and its progeny. Endpoints of life span, body size, vulva development, brood size, generation time, body bend, head thrash, and chemotaxis plasticity were used for toxicity testing. Our results indicate that Co induced multi-biological defects by affecting the life span, development, reproduction, behavior, and behavioral plasticity. Moreover, we found that most of these multi-biological defects could be transferred from parents to the filial generation (F1 and F2) progenies, and that this transmission could only be partially recovered. Certain specific phenotypes in the progeny exhibited even more severe defects than in the parents, such as chemotaxis plasticity. We classified the defects caused by Co exposure into four groups according to their transferable properties. Furthermore, the stress responses were investigated in embryos using a stable transgenic line, hsp16-2-gfp. Our data suggest that the multi-biological defects caused by Co exposure can be transferred from parents to progeny, and that Co toxicity might be accumulated in the eggs of nematodes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1897\/06-646r1.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,17]],"date-time":"2007-10-17T22:17:19Z","timestamp":1192659439000},"page":"2405-2412","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Transferable properties of multi-biological toxicity caused by cobalt exposure in<i>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025010317063531100_bib1","first-page":"195","article-title":"Ecotoxicity of cobalt to the springtail Folsomia candida","volume":"139","author":"Lock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol Part C"},{"key":"2025010317063531100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1081\/CLT-100102420","article-title":"Cobalt","volume":"37","author":"Barceloux","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Toxicol Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"2025010317063531100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2003.07.012","article-title":"Cobalt and antimony: Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity","volume":"533","author":"de Boeck","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"2025010317063531100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(01)00484-2","article-title":"Effects of carcinogenic metals on gene expression","volume":"127","author":"Beyersmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"2025010317063531100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/19.11.2021","article-title":"Evaluation of the in vitro direct and indirect genotoxic effects of cobalt compounds using the alkaline comet assay. 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