{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T20:06:41Z","timestamp":1775938001653,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14243,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of App Behav Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tokens, exchangeable for a variety of back\u2010up reinforcers, were delivered for several days to all persons boarding a clearly marked campus bus. This procedure increased ridership to 150% of baseline. The experiment was carried out to demonstrate the applicability of operant techniques to urban transportation problems. In this study, a token reinforcement procedure was introduced in an attempt to increase bus ridership while holding the costs of reinforcers to a minimum and circumventing the problems of individual satiety and preferences and of delivering cumbersome reinforcers. A methodology for establishing a token\u2010exchange procedure in an \u201copen\u2010field\u201d behavior setting, where the subject population size, geographic location, preferences, age, sex, preferred hours of mobility, <jats:italic>etc<\/jats:italic>. are unspecified, is also presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.1974.7-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,2]],"date-time":"2006-03-02T15:59:31Z","timestamp":1141315171000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["THE EFFECTS OF A TOKEN REINFORCEMENT PROCEDURE ON BUS RIDERSHIP<sup>1<\/sup>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Peter B.","family":"Everett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott C.","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jeab.1964.7-327"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.1971.4-71"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.1972.5-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.1972.5-343"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Science and human behavior","author":"Skinner B. F.","year":"1953"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Studer R. G.Urban design learning theory and behavior modification. Unpublished paper read at the meetings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science Washington D.C. December 1972."}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1901\/jaba.1974.7-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T18:36:16Z","timestamp":1699295776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1901\/jaba.1974.7-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1974,3]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1901\/jaba.1974.7-1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1901\/jaba.1974.7-1","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8855","1938-3703"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8855","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-3703","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1974,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-02-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}