{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T15:40:28Z","timestamp":1699285228413},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]],"date-time":"2013-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11563,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Exper Analysis Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Schedule\u2010controlled lever pressing and schedule\u2010induced licking were studied in rats under a multiple fixed\u2010interval fixed\u2010interval schedule of food reinforcement upon which was superimposed a multiple variable\u2010time variable\u2010time schedule of electric\u2010shock delivery. Shocks were signaled in one component of the multiple schedule and unsignaled in the other. The effects of diazepam upon the suppression of behavior during the signal (conditioned suppression) and during signaled and unsignaled shock (differential suppression) were studied under several shock intensities (Experiment 1) and at increased body weight (Experiment 2). In each study, diazepam led to dose\u2010dependent increases in the rate of pressing and licking during signaled and unsignaled shock, but had little effect on conditioned suppression. The rate\u2010enhancing effects of diazepam depended upon the intensity of shock, nature of the response, and whether or not shocks were signaled. The data was discussed in terms of (1) implications for understanding the effects of signaled and unsignaled shock on behavior, (2) the effects of diazepam on behavior suppressed by response\u2010independent shock, and (3) comparison between operant and schedule\u2010induced behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1901\/jeab.1981.36-119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,2]],"date-time":"2006-03-02T17:04:16Z","timestamp":1141319056000},"page":"119-132","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["EFFECTS OF DIAZEPAM ON SCHEDULE\u2010CONTROLLED AND SCHEDULE\u2010INDUCED BEHAVIOR UNDER SIGNALED AND UNSIGNALED SHOCK"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Norman","family":"Hymowitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(76)90245-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(77)90120-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-7552(77)90014-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0062283"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00421186"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03394494","article-title":"Effects of signalled and unsignalled electric\u2010shock delivery on schedule\u2010controlled and schedule\u2010induced behavior","volume":"27","author":"Hymowitz N.","year":"1977","journal-title":"The Psychological Record"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.1.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jeab.1981.35-197"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03213435"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00429197"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"1870","article-title":"Determinants of drug effects on punished responding","volume":"34","author":"McMillan D. 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