{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T14:23:14Z","timestamp":1789395794690,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]],"date-time":"1997-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":854755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>T<jats:sc>he gingival crevicular fluid<\/jats:sc> (GCF) and monocytic secretion of prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2) were measured in a group of 39 insulin\u2010dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 64 systemically healthy individuals. Diabetics were divided into Group A (gingivitis or mild periodontal disease) and Group B (moderate or severe periodontal disease). Diabetics had significantly higher GCF levels of both PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and IL\u20101\u03b2 as compared to non\u2010diabetic controls who were matched with regard to periodontal disease severity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.00001 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0005, respectively). Within the diabetic population, the GCF levels of these inflammatory mediators were almost 2\u2010fold higher in Group B as compared to Group A (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006, respectively for GCF\u2010PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and IL\u20101\u03b2). Furthermore, diabetics as a group had a significantly higher monocytic PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and IL\u20101\u03b2 production in response to various concentrations of both <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as compared to non\u2010diabetic patients with adult periodontitis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0001). LPS dose\u2010response curves demonstrated that monocytes from Group B diabetics produced approximately 3 times more PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> than Group A monocytes; however, there was no significant difference in monocytic IL\u20101\u03b2 secretion within the IDDM patients. The levels of GCF or monocytic mediators did not correlate with age, race, or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA<jats:sub>1C<\/jats:sub>) levels. Our data suggest that the high GCF and monocytic secretion of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and IL\u20101\u03b2 in IDDM patients may be a consequence of a systemic response trait and that the presence of Gram\u2010negative infections such as periodontal diseases may interact synergistically to yield high local levels of these mediators and a more severe periodontal condition. <jats:italic>J Periodontol 1997;68:127\u2013135<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1997.68.2.127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,20]],"date-time":"2012-03-20T17:15:53Z","timestamp":1332263753000},"page":"127-135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":185,"title":["Inflammatory Mediator Response as a Potential Risk Marker for Periodontal Diseases in Insulin\u2010Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Giovanni E.","family":"Salvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behnaz","family":"Yalda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettye H.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances W.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland R.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Offenbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,2]]},"container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1902\/jop.1997.68.2.127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1902\/jop.1997.68.2.127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T10:59:49Z","timestamp":1760871589000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1902\/jop.1997.68.2.127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1902\/jop.1997.68.2.127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.1997.68.2.127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3492","1943-3670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3492","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,2]]}}}