{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T14:31:38Z","timestamp":1780324298435,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Gingival recession is significantly more common among smokers, while the relative outcome of various root coverage procedures in smokers, compared to non\u2010smokers, is debatable. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking on the outcome of coronally positioned flap (CPF) in the treatment of Miller Class I gingival recession defects.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Ten current smokers (\u226510 cigarettes daily for at least 5 years) and 10 non\u2010smokers (never smokers), each with one 2\u2010 to 3\u2010mm Miller Class I recession defect in an upper canine or bicuspid, were treated with CPF. At baseline and 6 months, clinical parameters, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession depth (RD), and apico\u2010coronal width of keratinized tissue (KT) were determined.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Intragroup analysis showed that CPF was able to reduce RD and improve CAL in both groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). Intergroup analysis demonstrated that smokers presented greater residual RD at 6 months and lower percentage of root coverage (69.3% versus 91.3%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). No smokers obtained complete root coverage compared to 50% of non\u2010smokers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that CPF provides benefits for both smokers and non\u2010smokers in terms of root coverage of shallow Miller Class I recession defects. However, cigarette smoking negatively impacts the clinical outcomes, specifically residual recession, percent root coverage, and frequency of complete root coverage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.77.1.81","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,5]],"date-time":"2006-01-05T08:36:06Z","timestamp":1136450166000},"page":"81-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Coronally Positioned Flap for Root Coverage: Poorer Outcomes in Smokers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e9verson Oliveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Wilson","family":"Sallum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Fernando Martorelli","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitris N.","family":"Tatakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.10.1377"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.12.1840"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.1.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Analysis of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs \u2013 Study on adults in France. 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