{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T05:58:57Z","timestamp":1778133537236,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> The aim of this study was to investigate whether an association could be demonstrated between coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic periodontitis in a population of middle\u2010aged males in Northern Ireland.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> A case\u2010control design was used. Cases were men aged over 40 years with angiographically proven CHD. Controls were age\u2010matched males, with no evidence of CHD, randomly drawn from the same locality as the cases. Each subject had a clinical periodontal examination and completed a detailed sociodemographic questionnaire. High sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) was measured in serum by immunoturbidimetry.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> There were 92 cases (mean age 56.7 years; SD = 6.3) and 79 controls (mean age 58.2 years; SD = 6.7). The CHD cases had an average of three teeth less than the controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.0001). A higher proportion of sites examined in cases than controls had plaque (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.004), bleeding on probing (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.013), and probing depths of \u22654 mm (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006) or \u22656 mm (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03). Subjects with \u22654 mm pocketing in more than 20% of their interproximal sites and those with deep pocketing (\u22656 mm) were classified as having poor periodontal status. A total of 35 cases (38%), compared to only 13 controls (16%), had a poor periodontal status (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0017). Men with a poor periodontal condition had higher levels of CRP (median 2.19 mg\/l) than those with good periodontal health (median 1.42 mg\/l), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.007. After adjusting for smoking, academic achievement, alcohol consumption, unemployment, ability to maintain body weight, regular exercise, ability to relax daily, having a hobby or pastime, plaque, and CRP, logistic regression analysis showed that poor periodontal status was significantly associated with CHD, with an adjusted odds ratio of 3.06 and 95% confidence intervals of 1.02 to 9.17, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.046.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> There was an association between coronary heart disease and poor periodontal status in the middle\u2010aged males investigated. This association was independent of diabetes and all other cardiovascular risk factors investigated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.77.1.95","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,5]],"date-time":"2006-01-05T08:36:06Z","timestamp":1136450166000},"page":"95-102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Angiographically Confirmed Coronary Heart Disease and Periodontal Disease in Middle\u2010Aged Males"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"James E.","family":"Briggs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal P.","family":"McKeown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivienne L.S.","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayne V.","family":"Woodside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Stout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alun","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerard J.","family":"Linden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00093-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000027820.66786.CF"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe058019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.298.6676.779"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Dental infections as a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction","volume":"14","author":"Mattila KJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(93)90263-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6879.688"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1996.67.10s.1123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2003.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0303-6979.2004.00432.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.11.1406"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910308200911"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"184","volume-title":"Contemporary Periodontics","author":"Genco R","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.6.2570","article-title":"Cutting edge: The induction of acute phase proteins by lipopolysaccharide uses a novel pathway that is CD14\u2010independent","volume":"160","author":"Haziot A","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.10.1172"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003233421202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(03)00407-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.12.6.701"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356609028739"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000016345.58696.4F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345990780120301"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000154582.37101.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","unstructured":"2000 The Stationery Office London M Kelly J Steele N Nuttall Adult Dental Health Survey. 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