{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:38:25Z","timestamp":1787168305473,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,1]],"date-time":"2007-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1188604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of primitive mesenchyme exhibiting skeletal muscle differentiation. Oral rhabdomyosarcoma is rare and accounts for only 0.04% of all head and neck malignancies.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> A 33\u2010year\u2010old woman presented with an erythematous gingival mass involving the anterior maxillary gingiva. The lesion had been present for \u226513 months before presentation, and in recent months, it had become intermittently painful.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Clinical examination exhibited erythema and enlargement of the interdental papillae between the left maxillary canine, lateral incisor, and central incisor. The tissue was boggy and tender on palpation. Incisional biopsies were performed, and microscopic examination showed a cellular proliferation of spindle\u2010shaped to ovoid cells with hyperchromatic, enlarged, and pleomorphic nuclei. Many of the tumor cells exhibited abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical stains showed the tumor cells to be positive for desmin, myogenin, and myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD1). A diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was made. The patient was treated by surgical resection with postoperative chemotherapy and radiation. The patient had no evidence of disease at a follow\u2010up examination 1 month after completion of therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Oral rhabdomyosarcoma can develop insidiously. Pain is a variable presenting symptom, and early lesions may be mistaken for benign neoplastic, inflammatory, or infectious processes. Over several decades, a multidisciplinary treatment approach that includes surgical removal if resectable, in combination with multiagent chemotherapy and possibly radiation therapy, has improved survival rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,31]],"date-time":"2007-08-31T07:46:35Z","timestamp":1188546395000},"page":"1839-1845","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Maxillary Gingiva"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Angela C.","family":"Chi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Budnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel V.","family":"Agresta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brad","family":"Neville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445501255007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.3.610"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19880115)61:2<209::AID-CNCR2820610202>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930301)71:5<1904::AID-CNCR2820710530>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1368-8375(98)80010-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02841869709001364"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2002.123860"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"E136","article-title":"Rhabdomyosarcoma of the oral tissues \u2013 Two new cases and literature review","volume":"11","author":"Fran\u00e7a CM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000158396.57566.5d"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(05)80202-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100124223"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"116","article-title":"Rhabdomyosarcoma of the alveolar ridge in an adult","volume":"18","author":"Moore GK","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(87)90065-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100146778"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Sarcomas of the mouth and jaws. 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