{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T21:50:53Z","timestamp":1761947453328,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003356","name":"Gazi \u00dcniversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["03\/2004\u201024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03\/2004\u201024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003356","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Cigarette smoking has been identified as an important risk factor for the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis (CP). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of phase I periodontal therapy and adjunctive flurbiprofen administration on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)\u20108 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from smoking and non\u2010smoking patients with CP.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Twenty\u2010nine non\u2010smoking and 29 smoking patients with CP were divided into four groups according to periodontal treatment modalities. Group 1 (non\u2010smokers with CP) and group 3 (smokers with CP) patients received daily 100\u2010mg flurbiprofen tablets in a 2 \u00d7 1 regimen for 10 days together with scaling and root planing (SRP). Patients in group 2 (non\u2010smokers with CP) and group 4 (smokers with CP) received placebo tablets in a 2 \u00d7 1 regimen for 10 days together with SRP. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) measurements were recorded; GCF samples were collected from each sampling area at baseline and after the 10\u2010day period of drug intake by a single examiner who was unaware of the treatment modality. Assays for GCF MMP\u20108 were carried out by an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> All groups showed statistically significant reductions in PI and GI scores following the phase I periodontal treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05), but no statistical differences were observed in PD and CAL scores after therapy. In all groups, the reduction of GCF MMP\u20108 levels after therapy was statistically significant compared to baseline levels (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.001). When groups 1 and 3 and 2 and 4 were compared according to GCF MMP\u20108 levels after the therapy, no statistically significant differences were observed (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.117 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.485, respectively).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Flurbiprofen administration had no additional inhibitory effect over SRP alone on GCF levels of MMP\u20108 in smokers compared to non\u2010smokers with CP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.070149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,4]],"date-time":"2007-10-04T08:25:09Z","timestamp":1191486309000},"page":"1954-1961","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["GCF MMP\u20108 Levels in Smokers and Non\u2010Smokers With Chronic Periodontitis Following Scaling and Root Planing Accompanied by Systemic Use of 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