{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T08:54:37Z","timestamp":1785488077634,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]],"date-time":"2008-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> The aim of this study was to evaluate root coverage of gingival recessions and to compare graft vascularization in smokers and non\u2010smokers.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Thirty subjects, 15 smokers and 15 non\u2010smokers, were selected. Each subject had one Miller Class I or II recession in a non\u2010molar tooth. Clinical measurements of probing depth (PD), relative clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), and width of keratinized tissue (KT) were determined at baseline and 3 and 6 months after surgery. The recessions were treated surgically with a coronally positioned flap associated with a subepithelial connective tissue graft. A small portion of this graft was prepared for immunohistochemistry. Blood vessels were identified and counted by expression of factor VIII\u2013related antigen\u2013stained endothelial cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Intragroup analysis showed that after 6 months there a was gain in CAL, a decrease in GR, and an increase in KT for both groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05), whereas changes in PD were not statistically significant. Smokers had less root coverage than non\u2010smokers (58.02% \u00b1 19.75% versus 83.35% \u00b1 18.53%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). Furthermore, the smokers had more GR (1.48 \u00b1 0.79 mm versus 0.52 \u00b1 0.60 mm) than the non\u2010smokers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). Histomorphometry of the donor tissue revealed a blood vessel density of 49.01 \u00b1 11.91 vessels\/200\u00d7 field for non\u2010smokers and 36.53 \u00b1 10.23 vessels\/200\u00d7 field for smokers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Root coverage with subepithelial connective tissue graft was negatively affected by smoking, which limited and jeopardized treatment results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,5]],"date-time":"2008-06-05T08:53:34Z","timestamp":1212656014000},"page":"1014-1021","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft for Root Coverage in Smokers and Non\u2010Smokers: A Clinical and Histologic Controlled Study in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9rgio L.S.","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme O.","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta S.","family":"Tunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana M.M.","family":"Silveira e Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Arthur B.","family":"Novaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcio F.M.","family":"Grisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Taba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela 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