{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:27:30Z","timestamp":1791268050787,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,1]],"date-time":"2008-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1209600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> The CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand, stromal cell\u2013derived factor\u20101 (SDF\u20101\u03b1 or CXC chemokine ligand 12) are involved in the trafficking of leukocytes into and out of extravascular tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine whether SDF\u20101\u03b1 secreted by host cells plays a role in recruiting inflammatory cells into the periodontia during local inflammation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> SDF\u20101\u03b1 levels were determined by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of 24 individuals with periodontitis versus healthy individuals in tissue biopsies and in a preclinical rat model of <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> lipopolysaccharide\u2013induced experimental bone loss. Neutrophil chemotaxis assays were also used to evaluate whether SDF\u20101\u03b1 plays a role in the recruitment of host cells at periodontal lesions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Subjects with periodontal disease had higher levels of SDF\u20101\u03b1 in their GCF compared to healthy subjects. Subjects with periodontal disease who underwent mechanical therapy demonstrated decreased levels of SDF\u20101\u03b1. Immunohistologic staining showed that SDF\u20101\u03b1 and CXCR4 levels were elevated in samples obtained from periodontally compromised individuals. Similar results were observed in the rodent model. Neutrophil migration was enhanced in the presence of SDF\u20101\u03b1, mimicking immune cell migration in periodontal lesions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> SDF\u20101\u03b1 may be involved in the immune defense pathway activated during periodontal disease. Upon the development of diseased tissues, SDF\u20101\u03b1 levels increase and may recruit host defensive cells into sites of inflammation. These studies suggest that SDF\u20101\u03b1 may be a useful biomarker for the identification of periodontal disease progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,3]],"date-time":"2008-05-03T22:06:45Z","timestamp":1209852405000},"page":"845-853","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Stromal\u2010Derived Factor\u20101\u03b1 (CXCL12) Levels Increase in Periodontal Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Aaron M.","family":"Havens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evonne","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Mario","family":"Taba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jincheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Shiozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Younghun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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