{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T04:35:12Z","timestamp":1789965312106,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1217548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an oscillating\/rotating\/pulsating powered toothbrush on plaque and gingivitis prevention over a 9\u2010month period.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> The study had an examiner\u2010masked, randomized, three\u2010group parallel design. A total of 122 subjects \u226518 years of age in good general health and with at least five teeth per quadrant and no pockets \u22655 mm were included. A 3\u2010week preexperimental period of extensive oral home care, including rinses, was started to improve gingival health. Professional oral hygiene instruction with a manual brush was provided. At baseline, subjects were assigned to one of three regimens: twice daily brushing with a manual toothbrush, a manual toothbrush and the use of floss, or a powered toothbrush. Subjects were professionally instructed in their regimen and given a prophylaxis. Two weeks later, oral hygiene reinforcement was provided. Gingival bleeding, plaque, staining, and gingival abrasion were assessed during the preexperimental period and at baseline, 10 weeks, and 6 and 9 months.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> There was a significant reduction in plaque and gingivitis from the preexperimental period to baseline. At 10 weeks and 6 and 9 months, the level of plaque was statistically significantly lower with the powered toothbrush versus the other two regimens (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u22640.002). At 10 weeks and 6 months, the level of bleeding in the powered toothbrush group was statistically significantly lower versus manual brushing alone (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u22640.024).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> The powered toothbrush maintained lower plaque levels for 9 months following the 3\u2010week treatment phase better than the manual toothbrush with or without floss. The powered toothbrush showed significant benefits in preventing gingival bleeding versus manual brushing alone. All regimens were safe for oral tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T12:56:43Z","timestamp":1217595403000},"page":"1386-1394","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Comparison of the Use of Different Modes of Mechanical Oral Hygiene in Prevention of Plaque and Gingivitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Nanning A.M.","family":"Rosema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark F.","family":"Timmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula A.","family":"Versteeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim H.","family":"van Palenstein Helderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ubele","family":"Van der Velden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.A.","family":"Van der Weijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1965.36.3.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"S5","article-title":"The role of the electric toothbrush in the control of plaque and gingivitis: A review of 5 years clinical experience with the Braun Oral\u2010B Plaque Remover [D7]","volume":"9","author":"Warren PR","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"573","article-title":"Impact of improved toothbrushes on dental diseases. II","volume":"28","author":"Saxer UP","year":"1997","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(05)80001-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A novel oscillating\u2010rotating power toothbrush with SmartGuide: Designed for enhanced performance and compliance","volume":"8","author":"Walters PA","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00588.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1989.60.6.336"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.7.692"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"A comparison of plaque removal effectiveness of an electric versus a manual toothbrush","volume":"5","author":"Schifter CC","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Prev Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"349","article-title":"Manual versus powered toothbrushes: A summary of the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Systematic Review. Part II","volume":"78","author":"Forrest JL","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dent Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.29.s-3.1.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"CD002281","article-title":"Manual versus powered toothbrushing for oral health","volume":"1","author":"Heanue M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"CD002281","article-title":"Manual versus powered toothbrushing for oral health","volume":"2","author":"Robinson PG","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"S23","article-title":"A comparison of the efficacy of a novel electric toothbrush and a manual toothbrush in the treatment of gingivitis","volume":"11","author":"van der Weijden FA","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2002.291110.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(05)80005-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02509.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2000.027001009.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1968.0298"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060339"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051x.2004.00529.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00851.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00124.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"100","article-title":"An effective method of personal oral hygiene","volume":"106","author":"Bass CC","year":"1954","journal-title":"J La State Med Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02385.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1990.tb01086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"373","volume-title":"Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist","author":"Wilkins EM","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1987.tb02251.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01617.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","volume-title":"A combination of therapeutic agents for the control of dental plaque and gingivitis in man. [Thesis]","author":"Saxton CA","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1973.44.7.396"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2004.00582.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00700.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.8.1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1985.tb00423.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01082.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","first-page":"5A","article-title":"Development and laboratory evaluation of a new toothbrush with a novel brush head design","volume":"13","author":"Beals D","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1993.tb00394.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","first-page":"S31","article-title":"Toothbrushing duration and plaque removing efficacy of electric toothbrushes","volume":"9","author":"van der Weijden FA","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1994.tb00292.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"The role of manual toothbrushes in effective plaque control: Advantages and limitations","author":"Jepsen S","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358009033597"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358309162307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00426.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345970760091201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.1999.00343.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Effect of Peroxyl mouthrinse on chlorhexidine staining of teeth","volume":"3","author":"Winer RA","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345770560070301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028006536.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1902\/jop.2008.070654","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T13:16:01Z","timestamp":1760879761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1902\/jop.2008.070654"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1902\/jop.2008.070654"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2008.070654","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3492","1943-3670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3492","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}}}