{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T09:49:32Z","timestamp":1784713772701,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Many biomaterials are proposed for sinus floor lifting and grafting in the posterior maxilla for insufficient bone volume (BV). The aim of this study was to compare the use of magnesium\u2010enriched hydroxyapatite (mHA) versus autogenous bone graft (AB) for maxillary sinus lift procedures by histomorphometric and ex vivo gene expression profiling.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Fifteen patients requiring bilateral maxillary sinus augmentation received autologous bone particles (group A) and mHA (group B) (split\u2010mouth design). Five months later, implants were placed, and biopsies were obtained. Bone specimens were analyzed by histomorphometry, BV and vital bone (VB) percentages were calculated, and ex vivo osteoblast expansion followed by highly sensitive osteoblast specific gene expression profiling for cbfa1, osteocalcin, osteopontin, collagen type I, receptor activator of nuclear factor\u2010kappa B ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) by quantitative real\u2010time reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) were performed. Comparisons were made using the Student <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> After healing with no complications, BV was comparable in the two groups (80.79% \u00b1 14.27% for autologous versus 76.72% \u00b1 11.47% for mHA; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = not statistically significant), but VB was lower in the mHA group (29.65% \u00b1 9.81% versus 78.40% \u00b1 16.72%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). Real\u2010time RT\u2010PCR analyses showed significantly higher expression of the osteoblast differentiation factor Cbfa1 and the matrix formation marker osteocalcin in the mHA group compared to the AB group, whereas type I collagen was comparable, and osteopontin was decreased. Attesting to a lower osteoclastogenic potential, the RANKL\/OPG ratio was diminished.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Autogenous bone samples provided higher vital over comparable total bone levels than mHA\u2010grafted sites. Osteoblast gene expression profiles from mHA grafts revealed higher expression of certain specific markers of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, associated with a lower osteoclastogenic potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,31]],"date-time":"2009-03-31T09:42:01Z","timestamp":1238492521000},"page":"586-593","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Magnesium\u2010Enriched Hydroxyapatite Versus Autologous Bone in Maxillary Sinus Grafting: Combining Histomorphometry With Osteoblast Gene Expression Profiles Ex Vivo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"Crespi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Mariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Benasciutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Cappar\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Cenci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Gherlone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.1997.tb00311.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2002.130412.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(99)00181-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2004.01066.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00093-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910608500414"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M604772200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2008.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"980","article-title":"Maxillary sinus augmentation with a porous synthetic hydroxyapatite and bovine\u2010derived hydroxyapatite: A comparative clinical and histologic study","volume":"22","author":"Mangano C","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/796.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"519","article-title":"Maxillary sinus augmentation: Histologic and histomorphometric analysis","volume":"20","author":"Barone A","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(199624)33:4<217::AID-JBM2>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10174"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ID.0000127522.14067.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2005.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.31383"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(05)80711-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-8532(22)02107-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Maxillary sinus augmentation for endosteal implants: Organized alternative treatment plans","volume":"4","author":"Misch CE","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"613","article-title":"Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor with autogenous marrow and bone","volume":"38","author":"Boyne PJ","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Oral Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"767","article-title":"Comparison of intraoral donor sites for onlay grafting prior to implant placement","volume":"12","author":"Misch CM","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/joms.2002.35731"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10520299209110067"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(98)90029-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Hydroxyapatite bone substitute (Ostim) in sinus floor elevation. 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