{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T01:31:40Z","timestamp":1790127100481,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Epidemiologic studies have shown an increased frequency, severity, and risk of periodontitis in patients with diabetes. Periodontitis is associated with certain interleukin (IL)\u20101 gene cluster polymorphisms. Diabetes is a proinflammatory state with increased levels of circulating cytokines suggesting a causal role for inflammation in its etiology. Common genetic factors may be involved in the susceptibility for diabetes and periodontitis. We evaluated the relationships among IL\u20101 gene polymorphisms, type 2 diabetes, and periodontitis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    One hundred twelve patients with diabetes and chronic periodontitis, 224 patients without diabetes but with chronic periodontitis, and 208 healthy subjects without periodontitis were studied. All received a clinical periodontal examination and assessment of standard periodontal parameters. IL\u20101A \u2212889, \u22121B +3954, and \u22121B \u2212511 polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by restriction enzyme digestion and gel electrophoresis. Variable numbers of IL\u20101RN tandem repeats were detected by PCR amplification and fragment\u2010size analysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The severity and extent of periodontitis was significantly greater in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes. No significant differences in IL\u20101A \u2212899, \u22121B +3954, or \u22121RN genotype frequencies were found between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes. The IL\u20101A \u2212889 TT genotype (odds ratio [OR] = 2.90; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20 to 7.02), IL\u20101B +3954 TT genotype (OR = 3.54; 95% CI = 1.15 to 10.85), and IL\u20101B \u2212511 CC genotype (OR = 2.10; 95% CI = 1.25 to 3.58) were significantly associated with periodontitis. The presence of an IL\u20101 positive genotype was significantly associated with periodontitis (OR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.49). No interaction between smoking status and polymorphisms was found.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Periodontitis was significantly associated with some IL\u20101 gene polymorphisms. No association between diabetes and IL\u20101A and \u22121B gene polymorphisms was found.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,30]],"date-time":"2009-09-30T08:55:26Z","timestamp":1254300926000},"page":"1590-1598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Interleukin\u20101 Gene Cluster Polymorphisms Associated With Periodontal Disease in Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"N\u00e9stor J.","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos 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