{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T17:19:18Z","timestamp":1793207958059,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for periodontitis in adults as a primary mode of treatment or as an adjunct to non\u2010surgical treatment of scaling and root planing (SRP) compared to a conventional non\u2010surgical SRP treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, other relevant databases, and the International Pharmaceutical Abstracts were searched from their inception until May 2009 for randomized controlled trials of PDT compared to a placebo, no intervention, or non\u2010surgical treatment in an adult population. Data on changes in clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth, gingival recession, and full\u2010mouth plaque or bleeding scores were extracted and meta\u2010analyzed, and the pooled mean difference (MD) was reported.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Five studies were included in this review. These studies had a small sample size for some of the performed analysis with a moderate to high risk of biases. There were clinical heterogeneities among included studies. PDT as an independent treatment or as an adjunct to SRP versus a control group of SRP did not demonstrate statistically or clinically significant advantages. Combined therapy of PDT + SRP indicated a probable efficacy in CAL gain (MD: 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05 to 0.63) or probing depth reduction (MD: 0.25 mm; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.45 mm).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> PDT as an independent treatment or as an adjunct to SRP was not superior to control treatment of SRP. Therefore, the routine use of PDT for clinical management of periodontitis cannot be recommended. Well\u2010designed clinical trials are needed for proper evaluation of this therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,11]],"date-time":"2010-01-11T03:56:32Z","timestamp":1263182192000},"page":"4-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy for Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Amir","family":"Azarpazhooh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakesh S.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard C.","family":"Tenenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1988.tb01591.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411900010040601"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1992.tb00448.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.4s.322"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.2003.8.1.115"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Strategies to minimize the development of antibiotic resistance","volume":"9","author":"Baquero F","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.5.507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2003.00673.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b211266c"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Methylene blue in place of acridine orange as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy of osteosarcoma","volume":"22","author":"Matsubara T","year":"2008","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(92)90058-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.3.932-940.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2005.tb01466.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1011-1344(90)85044-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"335","article-title":"Bactericidal effects induced by laser irradiation and haematoporphyrin against Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative microorganisms","volume":"12","author":"Martinetto P","year":"1986","journal-title":"Drugs Exp Clin Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1993.tb00663.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01570963"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"Ondine Biopharma Corporation.Press release: Periowave gum disease therapy: Positive results from meta\u2010analysis. 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