{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:43:26Z","timestamp":1788871406914,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002551","name":"Seoul National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002551","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The aims of this study are to evaluate the efficacy of a eutectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) cream on pain perception during scaling and to compare the intensities of pain provoked by hand and ultrasonic instruments.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Forty subjects with chronic gingivitis or periodontitis were enrolled in the study. In this randomized, split\u2010mouth, controlled, masked clinical trial, each of the four quadrants in subjects was randomly assigned to receive one of the following protocols: scaling with an ultrasonic scaler with or without the application of the EMLA cream or scaling with a Gracey curet with or without the application of the EMLA cream. Pain levels after each quadrant of scaling were assessed with a visual analog scale (VAS; 0 to 100 mm) and verbal rating score (VRS; 0 to 4). All subjects were recalled to detect any complications after 24 hours.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The mean VAS and VRS when EMLA cream was applied (18.39 \u00b1 14.47 mm and 0.95 \u00b1 0.69) were significantly lower (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001 for VAS and VRS) compared to when EMLA cream was not used (26.54 \u00b1 16.46 mm and 1.30 \u00b1 0.75). The mean VAS and VRS of the ultrasonic scaler group (20.43 \u00b1 16.40 mm and 0.98 \u00b1 0.76) were significantly lower (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.024 for VAS;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.003 for VRS) than those of the Gracey curet group (24.50 \u00b1 15.17 mm and 1.28 \u00b1 0.69). None of the subjects showed adverse effects after EMLA\u2010cream application.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Although most patients experienced limited pain during scaling, a significant reduction of pain is achieved by using EMLA cream and ultrasonic scaler.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.090748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,23]],"date-time":"2010-08-23T16:42:58Z","timestamp":1282581778000},"page":"259-266","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics on Pain Perception During Scaling by Ultrasonic or Hand Instruments: A Masked Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Jae\u2010Eun","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang\u2010A","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae\u2010Il","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang\u2010Jo","family":"Seol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Moo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u2010Chul","family":"Rhyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong\u2010Pyoung","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki\u2010Tae","family":"Koo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1982.tb01227.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.080152"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-007-0126-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2004.0129"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-007-0173-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Evaluating the efficacy of commonly used topical anesthetics","volume":"21","author":"Roghani S","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.4.479"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2008.00231.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.29.s3.4.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00717.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1964.0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.00017.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1987.tb02655.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2001.01855.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2006.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"185","article-title":"Experimental studies of new topical anaesthetics on the oral mucosa","volume":"9","author":"Holst A","year":"1985","journal-title":"Swed Dent J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Anesthetic effect of EMLA occluded with Orahesive oral bandages on oral mucosa. 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