{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T17:05:07Z","timestamp":1790442307455,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Biofilm\u2010induced inflammatory osteolytic oral infections, such as periodontitis and peri\u2010implantitis, have complex etiology and pathogenesis. A significant obstacle to research has been the lack of appropriate animal models where the inflammatory response to biofilms can be investigated. The aim of this study is to develop a novel animal model to study the host response to <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> (previously <jats:italic>Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>)\u2013biofilm colonizing titanium implants.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Titanium implants were inoculated in vitro with <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>, establishing a biofilm for 1 to 3 days. Biofilm\u2010inoculated and control implants were transmucosally placed into rat hard palate or alveolar ridge. Analysis included documentation of clinical inflammation, polymerase chain reaction, and culture detection of <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> and microcomputed tomography quantitation of peri\u2010implant bone volume.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Viable <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> biofilm was successfully established on titanium implants in vitro, detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy. An inflammatory response characterized by clinical inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, hyperplasia, and necrosis was observed around biofilm\u2010inoculated implants. <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> was detected by polymerase chain reaction and culture analysis on 100% of biofilm\u2010inoculated implants for up to 3 weeks and 25% for up to 6 weeks. Microcomputed tomography analysis demonstrated significantly lower bone volume (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05) around biofilm\u2010inoculated implants (29.6% \u00b1 7.6%) compared to non\u2010inoculated implants (50.5% \u00b1 9.6%) after 6 weeks.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> These results describe a novel animal model where <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> biofilm was established in vitro on titanium implants before placement in rat oral cavity, leading to an inflammatory response, osteolysis, and tissue destruction. This model may have potential use for investigation of host responses to biofilm pathogens and antibiofilm therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.100263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,11]],"date-time":"2011-01-11T21:54:08Z","timestamp":1294782848000},"page":"778-789","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Development of an Animal Model for <i>Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans<\/i> Biofilm\u2010Mediated Oral Osteolytic Infection: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Marcelo O.","family":"Freire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parish 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