{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T03:18:38Z","timestamp":1771298318381,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Maternal periodontal disease is found in \u226440% of pregnant women and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in periodontal disease and tooth loss, and insufficient vitamin D status is common among pregnant women. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and periodontal disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> A case\u2010control study was conducted. Cases were defined as pregnant women with clinical moderate to severe periodontal disease; controls were pregnant women who were periodontally healthy. Maternal data were chart abstracted and serum was collected between 14 and 26 weeks of gestation. Serum 25\u2010hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured using liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry. Median serum 25(OH)D levels and prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (defined as &lt;75 nmol\/l) were compared between cases and controls. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for moderate to severe periodontal disease among women with vitamin D insufficiency was calculated using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for maternal race, season of blood draw, and other potential confounders.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> A total of 117 cases were compared to 118 controls. Cases had lower median 25(OH)D levels than controls (59 versus 100 nmol\/l; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.001) and were more likely to have vitamin D insufficiency (65% versus 29%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for moderate to severe periodontal disease among women with vitamin D insufficiency was 2.1 (0.99 to 4.5).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25[OH]D &lt;75 nmol\/l) is associated with maternal periodontal disease during pregnancy. Vitamin D supplementation represents a potential therapeutic strategy to improve maternal oral health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.100384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T19:55:09Z","timestamp":1283370909000},"page":"195-200","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Vitamin D Status and Periodontal Disease Among Pregnant Women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Kim A.","family":"Boggess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janice 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