{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T22:17:48Z","timestamp":1790720268624,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]],"date-time":"2011-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> A growing body of evidence suggested that interleukin (IL)\u201021 enhances the effector phase during T\u2010cell responses. The aim of our study is to determine the levels of IL\u201021 in periodontal sites from patients with chronic periodontitis and controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> The population studied consisted of 34 patients (15 with chronic periodontitis and 19 healthy patients). Twenty samples (10 gingival crevicular fluid [GCF] and 10 gingival biopsies) were collected from each group before the patients with periodontitis received periodontal treatment. Total protein concentrations were measured in all samples; the presence of IL\u201021 was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, and IL\u201021 levels were quantified through an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical software. Data were expressed as patient means \u00b1 SDs or medians (interquartile ranges) by using the \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, Student <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>, and Mann\u2010Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> tests.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> GCF IL\u201021 was mainly detected in patients with chronic periodontitis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). Levels of IL\u201021 in gingival tissues were significantly higher in patients with chronic periodontitis compared to healthy individuals (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). The Western blot and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the presence of IL\u201021 in periodontal tissues and GCF.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> IL\u201021 was highly expressed in patients with chronic periodontitis, especially in gingival biopsies; therefore, IL\u201021 might play a role in the T\u2010cell response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.100449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,15]],"date-time":"2011-03-15T09:14:22Z","timestamp":1300180462000},"page":"1483-1489","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Levels of Interleukin\u201021 in Patients With Untreated Chronic 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