{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T20:27:08Z","timestamp":1771792028235,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold><jats:bold>:<\/jats:bold> Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are a basic precondition to induce the immune response to pathogens. Therefore, this study evaluates associations among periodontitis, five key periodontopathic bacteria, and HLAs to test their impact together with additional risk factors in multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Eighty\u2010five patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and 71 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (CP) were compared to 88 periodontitis\u2010free controls. HLA Class I and II typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with sequence\u2010specific primers. Subgingival plaque specimens were detected by PCR with sequence\u2010specific oligonucleotides. Risk\u2010factor analyses were performed with respect to the cofactors age, sex, smoking, and plaque level by logistic regression.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> In the total patient group (GAgP + CP), the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of periodontitis was decreased in cases who were carriers of HLA\u2010B*57 (OR = 0.259, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.086 to 0.782), HLA\u2010DQB1*08 (OR = 0.404, 95% CI = 0.187 to 0.871), or the combination HLA\u2010DRB1*04;DRB4*;DQB1*0302 (OR = 0.407, 95% CI = 0.185 to 0.895). Moreover, individuals who expressed HLA\u2010DRB1*04 (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.148 to 0.886) or HLA\u2010DRB1*04;DRB4*;DQB1*0302 (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.092 to 0.884) had a decreased colonization risk with <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Certain HLA markers were negatively associated to the manifestation of a generalized periodontitis and\/or the individual colonization of <jats:italic>A. actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>. The underlying mechanisms have to be investigated in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,24]],"date-time":"2012-03-24T03:52:10Z","timestamp":1332561130000},"page":"100-109","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Individual Composition of Human Leukocyte Antigens and Periodontopathogens in the Background of Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Reichert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Altermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamal M.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans\u2010G\u00fcnter","family":"Schaller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut K.G.","family":"Machulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4806955"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.11.1699"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00176440"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2004.00327.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01168.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1991.tb01802.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1999.tb02269.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(98)00064-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1999.4.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.29.s3.1.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Clinical methods for the objective evaluation of oral hygiene","volume":"32","author":"Lange DE","year":"1977","journal-title":"Dtsch Zahnarztl Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"Gingival sulcus bleeding \u2014 A leading symptom in initial gingivitis","volume":"15","author":"M\u00fchlemann HR","year":"1971","journal-title":"Helv Odontol Acta"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/16.3.1215"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"MattiuzPL IhdeD PiazzaA CeppelliniR BodmerWF. 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