{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:25:12Z","timestamp":1793060712191,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]],"date-time":"2012-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> The aim of this study is to evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), TNF\u2010\u03b1 receptor\u20101 (TNF\u2010\u03b1R1), TNF\u2010\u03b1R2, and interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106) in non\u2010obese females with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and either clinically healthy periodontium or gingivitis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Thirty\u2010one females with PCOS and healthy periodontium, 30 females with PCOS and gingivitis, and 12 systemically and periodontally healthy females were included in the study. GCF, saliva, and serum samples were collected, and clinical periodontal measurements, body mass index, and Ferriman\u2010Gallwey score (FGS) were recorded. Sex hormones, cortisol, and insulin levels were measured. TNF\u2010\u03b1, TNF\u2010\u03b1R1, TNF\u2010\u03b1R2, and IL\u20106 were determined by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. Kruskal\u2010Wallis followed by Bonferroni\u2010corrected post hoc Mann\u2010Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> tests were used to analyze the data.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The PCOS + gingivitis group revealed significantly higher GCF, saliva, and serum IL\u20106 concentrations than the PCOS + healthy group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.0001). The two PCOS groups exhibited significantly higher saliva TNF\u2010\u03b1 concentrations than the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.024 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.013, respectively). The FGS index was significantly higher in the PCOS + gingivitis group than the PCOS + healthy group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.030). The PCOS + gingivitis group revealed significantly higher insulin concentration than the PCOS + healthy and control groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.014 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.0001, respectively). Serum TNF\u2010\u03b1, TNF\u2010\u03b1Rs, and serum, GCF, and salivary IL\u20106 levels correlated with the clinical periodontal measurements.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> PCOS and gingival inflammation appear to act synergistically on the proinflammatory cytokines IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1. Thus, PCOS may have an impact on gingival inflammation or vice versa. Additional studies are warranted to clarify the possible relationship between PCOS and periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,17]],"date-time":"2012-04-17T17:00:50Z","timestamp":1334682050000},"page":"1529-1537","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Is There an Interaction Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Gingival Inflammation?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"\u00d6zg\u00fcn","family":"\u00d6z\u00e7aka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banu 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