{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:30:17Z","timestamp":1787023817295,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Long\u2010chain polyunsaturated fatty acids omega\u20103 and omega\u20106 (LC\u2010PUFA n\u20103 and n\u20106) can function as important inflammatory modulators and also have a strong effect in the proresolving inflammatory processes. The aim of the authors is to analyze the serum levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and arachidonic acid (AA) in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) and compare these results with serum levels of patients with gingivitis only.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Twenty\u2010one patients with untreated GCP (mean age: 46.0 \u00b1 8.8 years) and 16 patients with gingivitis only (mean age: 31.5 \u00b1 7.5 years) were investigated. The clinical examination included probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque index. Blood samples were analyzed for the presence of DHA, EPA, DPA, and AA using gas chromatography.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Significantly higher levels of DHA, DPA, EPA, and AA were observed in patients with GCP when compared with patients with gingivitis (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.007,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.004,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.033, and\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.001, respectively). The differences were still significant even after the adjustments for age and sex. The PD showed a significant positive correlation with DHA (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.5;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.003), DPA (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.6;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001), and AA (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.6;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The present findings suggest that serum levels of LC\u2010PUFA n\u20103 and n\u20106 may be affected by the severity of periodontal disease.\n                  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