{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:49:20Z","timestamp":1787165360905,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:bold>\n Periodontitis is a polymicrobial infectious disease. A novel potential chemical treatment modality may lie in bacterial anti\u2010adhesive materials, such as cranberry juice fractions. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of high molecular weight cranberry constituent (non\u2010dialyzable material [NDM]) on the virulence of a mixed infection with\n Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic>\n in mice.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n In vitro, the anti\u2010adhesive property of NDM was validated on epithelial cell culture, and inhibition of coaggregation was tested using a coaggregation assay. The in vivo effect was tested on the outcome of experimental periodontitis induced by a\n P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n and\n F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic>\n mixed infection, and also on the local host response using the subcutaneous chamber model of infection. Phagocytosis was also tested on RAW macrophages by the use of fluorescent\u2010labeled bacteria.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results:<\/jats:bold>\n NDM was found to inhibit the adhesion of both species of bacteria onto epithelial cells and to inhibit coaggregation in a dose\u2010dependent manner. NDM consumption by mice attenuated the severity of experimental periodontitis compared with a mixed infection without NDM treatment. In infected subcutaneous chambers, NDM alone reduced tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1) levels induced by the mixed infection. In vitro, NDM eliminated TNF\u2010\u03b1 expression by macrophages that were exposed to\n P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n and\n F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic>\n , without impairing their viability. Furthermore, NDM increased the phagocytosis of\n P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n The results indicate that the use of NDM may hold potential protective and\/or preventive modalities in periodontal disease. Underlying mechanisms for this trait may perhaps be the anti\u2010adhesive properties of NDM or its potential effect on inflammation.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,2]],"date-time":"2012-10-02T13:10:31Z","timestamp":1349183431000},"page":"1019-1025","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Protective Potential of Non\u2010Dialyzable Material Fraction of Cranberry Juice on the Virulence of\n P. gingivalis<\/i>\n and\n F. nucleatum<\/i>\n Mixed Infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Polak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja","family":"Naddaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lior","family":"Shapira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ervin I.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Houri\u2010Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-004-1817-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408390209351915"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2000.tb01537.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.62.4.1244-1263.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-302x.2000.150601.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2008.00868.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2008.00453.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2011.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01432-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1998.0141"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199105303242214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2007.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509339487"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.4.1255-1263.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.57.10.3204-3209.1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-302x.2000.150606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.8.1282"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910308200202"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"173","article-title":"An examination of the anti\u2010adherence activity of cranberry juice on urinary and nonurinary bacterial isolates","volume":"55","author":"Schmidt DR","year":"1988","journal-title":"Microbios"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)50751-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.1.92"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408390209351917"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01889.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408390701636211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910608500306"}],"container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1902\/jop.2012.120331","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T11:43:20Z","timestamp":1760874200000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1902\/jop.2012.120331"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1902\/jop.2012.120331"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2012.120331","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3492","1943-3670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3492","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}}}