{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:29:46Z","timestamp":1787023786276,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007854","name":"School of Dentistry, Nihon University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007854","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Desquamative gingivitis (DG) is a clinical manifestation common to several diseases. It is known that most cases of DG are caused by mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), oral lichen planus (OLP), or pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Early recognition and treatment of these diseases can improve the prognosis, but diagnostic delays are common in patients with DG because obtaining a diagnostic biopsy is technically challenging. A biopsy technique designed to maintain the gingival epithelium for patients with DG was developed. The usefulness of this technique is discussed.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study is based on a retrospective review of 27 DG cases. A stab\u2010and\u2010roll technique was used to obtain gingival tissue. This technique is designed to reduce lateral forces on the epithelium during the procedure and to thereby prevent the inadvertent removal of the epithelium from the biopsy specimen. A total of 52 biopsies comprising 27 for hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E)\u2013stained samples and 25 for direct immunofluorescence (DIF) testing were reviewed.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Fifty\u2010one of the 52 biopsies (98.1%) maintained the epithelium. Only one biopsy (1.9%) showed that the epithelium was totally absent. Therefore, H&amp;E and DIF features of 51 biopsies were analyzed. Definitive diagnoses of the diseases causing DG included MMP (13 cases), PV (eight cases), and OLP (six cases).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A diagnostic biopsy was obtained from the gingiva of patients with DG using the stab\u2010and\u2010roll technique. The gingival epithelium was well maintained, and the relationship with the underlying connective tissue was diagnostic. In the future, this stab\u2010and\u2010roll biopsy technique may facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of diseases causing DG.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.130428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]],"date-time":"2014-03-04T08:50:54Z","timestamp":1393923054000},"page":"802-809","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A Stab\u2010and\u2010Roll Biopsy Technique to Maintain Gingival Epithelium for Desquamative Gingivitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Hiroyasu","family":"Endo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry D.","family":"Rees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward P.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayo","family":"Kuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotsugu","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EndoH ReesTD. Diagnosis and management of desquamative gingivitis. In: Panagakos FS Davies RM eds.Gingival Diseases \u2014 Their Aetiology Prevention and Treatment.Rijeka Croatia: InTech; 2011:171\u2010188. Available from:http:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/articles\/show\/title\/diagnosis\u2010and\u2010management\u2010of\u2010desquamative\u2010gingivitis.","DOI":"10.5772\/22864"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"TD Rees"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070231"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110627"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2007.01420.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"e152","article-title":"Use of oral exfoliative cytology to diagnose desquamative gingivitis: A pilot study","volume":"39","author":"Endo H","year":"2008","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.1.154"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070258"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.092528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2006.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.070095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-008-0420-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2011.606447"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"512","article-title":"Clinical and diagnostic features of mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"27","author":"Endo H","year":"2006","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2010.00946.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(93)90140-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(91)90010-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(81)90124-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(00)00183-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of desquamative gingivitis","volume":"2","author":"Nisengard RJ","year":"1995","journal-title":"Periodontal Insights"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"E287","article-title":"Sensitivity of direct immunofluorescence in oral diseases. 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