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The goal of this study is to explore the association between sex hormone levels and periodontitis in men using data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Data from 755 men (aged \u226530 years), including serum levels of testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone binding globulin, and androstenediol glucuronide, were analyzed. Calculated bioavailable testosterone (CBT) and estradiol\u2010to\u2010testosterone ratio were calculated. Periodontitis was defined using the latest classification of extent and severity of periodontitis for NHANES data (\u22652 interproximal sites with \u22653 mm attachment loss, \u22652 interproximal sites with probing depth [PD] \u22654 mm not on the same tooth, or one site with PD \u22655 mm). Sex hormones were evaluated as categorized and continuous variables. Correlations between the presence and severity of periodontitis and levels of sex hormones were determined and expressed as odds ratios (ORs).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> When adjusted for confounding factors, high total testosterone (TT) and CBT levels correlated with both the prevalence (OR [95% confidence interval (CI)], 2.1 [1 to 4.5] and 3.9 [1 to 14.8], respectively) and severity (OR [95% CI], 2.1 [1 to 4.3] and 3.4 [1.2 to 9.8]) of periodontitis. When continuous variables were used, the ORs (95% CIs) for presence and severity of periodontitis were 1.4 (0.6 to 3.3) and 1.5 (0.6 to 3.6) for TT and 1.3 (0.9 to 1.9) and 1.3 (0.9 to 1.8) for CBT, respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> These findings are consistent with the existence of an association of periodontitis with sex hormone levels, especially testosterone, in men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,11]],"date-time":"2015-06-11T08:58:34Z","timestamp":1434013114000},"page":"1116-1125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Associations Between Sex Hormone Levels and Periodontitis in Men: Results From NHANES III"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Joao Paulo","family":"Steffens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoshan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline R.","family":"Starr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Carlos","family":"Spolidorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Van Dyke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alpdogan","family":"Kantarci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06632.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Andropause and the aging man: Separating evidence from speculation","volume":"13","author":"Gray M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Adv Nurse Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpendmet1050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0118"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2010.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061466"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.8.8762"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1792"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.4.490"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1579"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2010.00376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2012.00457.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050286"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2008.49.1.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-013-1126-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2012.00442.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Plan and operation of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988\u201094. 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