{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T17:04:15Z","timestamp":1790442255066,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> A broader understanding of the immune inflammatory profile of peri\u2010implant diseases could be helpful in the development of host\u2010targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study is to answer two clinical questions: 1) whether patients with peri\u2010implantitis (PP) present higher prevalence of any specific inflammatory cytokine in peri\u2010implant crevicular fluid (PICF) compared with healthy patients; and 2) whether local inflammation measured in PICF can be used as a predictor for incipient PP.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> A systematic review of the literature on the most common cytokines released in PICF in healthy and PP\u2010affected sites was conducted from 1996 up to and including October 2013 using predefined search strategies. Cross\u2010sectional and prospective longitudinal studies were considered. Meta\u2010analyses were done separately for healthy, mucositis (MU), and PP outcomes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2 was the most studied cytokine (n = 12), followed by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 (n = 10). Other cytokines were also linked to PP, such as IL\u20104, IL\u20106, IL\u20108, IL\u201010, IL\u201012, and IL\u201017. Statistical differences were revealed when IL\u20101\u03b2 release was compared between healthy implant sites and PP (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001) or MU sites (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002), respectively; when PP and MU were compared, no statistical differences could be detected (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.80). For TNF\u2010\u03b1 release, significant differences were found between healthy and PP implants (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> PICF containing inflammatory mediators, such as IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u2010\u03b1, can be used as additional criteria for a more robust diagnosis of peri\u2010implant infection. Additionally, once the inflammatory process is installed, no differences were found between peri\u2010implant MU and PP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,13]],"date-time":"2015-02-13T08:04:16Z","timestamp":1423814656000},"page":"631-645","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Can Peri\u2010Implant Crevicular Fluid Assist in the Diagnosis of Peri\u2010Implantitis? 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