{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T13:26:25Z","timestamp":1762176385448,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ordem dos Medicos","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Med Port"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Huntington\u2019s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms. While psychiatric comorbidity is common and may influence disease outcomes, there is a lack of data on its prevalence and impact in Portugal. This study aimed to analyze the frequency and impact of a diagnosis of psychiatric comorbidities among Huntington\u2019s disease hospitalized patients in Portugal.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted using administrative data from Portuguese public hospitals within the National Health Service between 2000 and 2016. All hospitalization episodes of patients with a diagnosis of Huntington\u2019s disease (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 333.4) were analyzed. Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses registered as primary or secondary diagnoses were identified and defined using the Clinical Classification Software codes 650-670. Age at admission, length of hospital stay, admission type, in-hospital mortality, and estimated hospital charges were analyzed according to psychiatric comorbidity categories and adjusting for age and sex.Results: A total of 1667 hospitalizations with a diagnosis of Huntington\u2019s disease occurred between 2000 and 2016, of which 28.97% had a psychiatric comorbidity. These patients were more likely to be younger (adjusted odds ratio = 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.07 - 1.64; p = 0.011) and to have longer hospitalizations (adjusted odds ratio = 1.88, 95% confidence interval 1.52 - 2.34; p &lt; 0.001) than those with no psychiatric comorbidity. No association was found between psychiatric comorbidity in general and in-hospital mortality, admission type or hospitalization costs. An upward trend was observed in Huntington\u2019s disease admissions and the percentage of those with psychiatric comorbidity over the study period.Conclusion: Psychiatric comorbidity in Huntington\u2019s disease was associated with younger age at admission and longer hospitalizations. These results highlight the importance of psychiatric care in the management of these patients. Early screening and intervention could improve outcomes and optimize healthcare resource allocation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.23438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T12:26:42Z","timestamp":1762172802000},"page":"689-698","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Huntington\u2019s Disease and Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Retrospective Study in Portugal"],"prefix":"10.20344","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3664-9433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6545-1863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6098-429X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Gon\u00e7alves-Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"8464","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"10909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bates GP, Dorsey R, Gusella JF, Hayden MR, Kay C, Leavitt BR, et al. Huntington disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1:15005.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.5"},{"key":"10910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McColgan P, Tabrizi SJ. Huntington\u2019s disease: a clinical review. Eur J Neurol. 2018;25:24-34.","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13413"},{"key":"10911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa MD, Magalh\u00e3es P, Guimar\u00e3es L, Maciel P, Sequeiros J, Sousa A. The CAG repeat at the Huntington disease gene in the Portuguese population: insights into its dynamics and to the origin of the mutation. J Hum Genet. 2006;51:189-95.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10038-005-0343-8"},{"key":"10912","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tabrizi SJ, Schobel S, Gantman EC, Mansbach A, Borowsky B, Konstantinova P, et al. A biological classification of Huntington\u2019s disease: the integrated staging system. Lancet Neurol. 2022;21:632-44.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00120-X"},{"key":"10913","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenblatt A. Neuropsychiatry of Huntington\u2019s disease. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2007;9:191-7.","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2007.9.2\/arosenblatt"},{"key":"10914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ishihara L, Oliveri D, Wild EJ. Neuropsychiatric comorbidities in Huntington\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s Disease: a United States claims database analysis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2021;8:126-37.","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51252"},{"key":"10915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watt DC, Seller A. A clinico-genetic study of psychiatric disorder in Huntington\u2019s chorea. Psychol Med. 1993;23:S1-46.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0264180100001193"},{"key":"10916","unstructured":"Cummings JL. Behavioral and psychiatric symptoms associated with Huntington\u2019s disease. Adv Neurol. 1995;65:179-86."},{"key":"10917","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pla P, Orvoen S, Saudou F, David DJ, Humbert S. Mood disorders in Huntington\u2019s disease: from behavior to cellular and molecular mechanisms. Front Behav Neurosci. 2014;8:135.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2014.00135"},{"key":"10918","unstructured":"Craufurd D, Thompson JC, Snowden JS. Behavioral changes in Huntington disease. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 2001;14:219-26."},{"key":"10919","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kingma EM, van Duijn E, Timman R, van der Mast RC, Roos RA. Behavioural problems in Huntington\u2019s disease using the problem behaviours assessment. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2008;30:155-61.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2007.11.005"},{"key":"10920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berrios GE, Wagle AC, Markov\u00e1 IS, Wagle SA, Ho LW, Rubinsztein DC, et al. Psychiatric symptoms and CAG repeats in neurologically asymptomatic Huntington\u2019s disease gene carriers. Psychiatry Res. 2001;102:217-25.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00257-8"},{"key":"10921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kachian ZR, Cohen-Zimerman S, Bega D, Gordon B, Grafman J. Suicidal ideation and behavior in Huntington\u2019s disease: systematic review and recommendations. J Affect Disord. 2019;250:319-29.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.03.043"},{"key":"10922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walker FO. Huntington\u2019s disease. Lancet. 2007;369:218-28.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60111-1"},{"key":"10923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wetzel HH, Gehl CR, Dellefave-Castillo L, Schiffman JF, Shannon KM, Paulsen JS. Suicidal ideation in Huntington disease: the role of comorbidity. Psychiatry Res. 2011;188:372-6.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2011.05.006"},{"key":"10924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hubers AA, Reedeker N, Giltay EJ, Roos RA, van Duijn E, van der Mast RC. Suicidality in Huntington\u2019s disease. J Affect Disord. 2012;136:550-7.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.10.031"},{"key":"10925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGarry A, McDermott MP, Kieburtz K, Fung WL, McCusker E, Peng J, et al. Risk factors for suicidality in Huntington disease: an analysis of the 2CARE clinical trial. Neurology. 2019;92:e1643-51.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007244"},{"key":"10926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Connors MH, Teixeira-Pinto A, Loy CT. Psychosis and longitudinal outcomes in Huntington disease: the COHORT Study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2020;91:15-20.","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-320646"},{"key":"10927","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaini A, Yomtoob J, Yeh C, Bega D. Understanding HD psychosis: an analysis from the ENROLL-HD database. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 2020;10:16.","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.395"},{"key":"10928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benchimol EI, Smeeth L, Guttmann A, Harron K, Moher D, Petersen I, et al. The reporting of studies conducted using observational routinely-collected health data (RECORD) statement. 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