{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T12:57:01Z","timestamp":1775912221857,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Case Western Reserve University","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PAI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has been associated with increased immune activation. We assessed circulating concentrations of interferon-gamma in persons with LTBI.Methods: We used the 2011-2012 National Health Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) to identify adults with and without LTBI by QuantiFERON\u00ae-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) results. Non-LTBI persons were 1:1 age-, gender- and race-matched to LTBI persons using propensity scores. We compared the plasma concentrations of interferon-gamma measured from the unstimulated, negative control QFT tube between LTBI and non-LTBI persons. We used Mann-Whitney tests and ordered logistic regressions for comparisons.Results: There were 430 LTBI and 430 non-LTBI matched persons included in the analysis. LTBI was associated with higher circulating concentrations of interferon-gamma (median, 3 pg\/mL; IQR, 2 \u2013 5) compared to non-LTBI (median, 2.5 pg\/mL; IQR, 1.5 \u2013 3.5), P&lt;0.001. LTBI remained associated with higher interferon-gamma concentrations after adjusting for age, gender, race, diabetes, hypertension, tobacco use, HIV status, body mass index, lipid profile and lymphocyte count (odds ratio, 1.79, 95% CI, 1.26 \u2013 2.53). Results remained similar when LTBI was defined by tuberculin skin testing.Conclusions: LTBI was associated with increased circulating interferon-gamma concentrations. Future studies are needed to further characterize immune activation in LTBI and its potential long-term consequences.\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.20411\/pai.v1i2.149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]],"date-time":"2016-11-02T01:09:23Z","timestamp":1478048963000},"page":"291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Elevated Circulating Concentrations of Interferon-Gamma in Latent Tuberculosis Infection"],"prefix":"10.20411","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6839-5809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moises Arturo","family":"Huaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6158-6461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George S.","family":"Deepe, Jr.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl J.","family":"Fichtenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"container-title":["Pathogens and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/paijournal.com\/index.php\/paijournal\/article\/viewFile\/149\/75","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/paijournal.com\/index.php\/paijournal\/article\/viewFile\/149\/76","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/paijournal.com\/index.php\/paijournal\/article\/viewFile\/149\/76","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T03:33:07Z","timestamp":1598844787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/paijournal.com\/index.php\/paijournal\/article\/view\/149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20411\/pai.v1i2.149","relation":{},"ISSN":["2469-2964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2469-2964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]}}}