{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T07:52:57Z","timestamp":1651650777056},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Case Western Reserve University","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548806400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PAI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Vaccination with the Merck human adenovirus serotype-5 (HAdV-5) vectored HIV-1 subtype B gag\/pol\/nef vaccine was unexpectedly associated with enhanced susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in uncircumcised HAdV-5 seropositive men. It has been hypothesized that vaccination may have resulted in activated CD4+ T lymphocytes trafficking to mucosal sites thereby increasing targets for HIV infection. We have previously shown that AdV-vector vaccination in rhesus macaques resulted in an increase in the frequency of activated mucosal CD4+ T cells. However, whether this increase in activation is sufficient to increase susceptibility to HIV\/SIV infection is unclear.Methods:  To examine this scenario, we developed a preliminary, proof-of-concept vaccination-challenge model in order to examine vaccine-induced SIV susceptibility in rhesus macaques. Rhesus macaques (n\u2009=\u200910\/group) were vaccinated with a simian AdV-7 (SAdV-7)-vector encoding an irrelevant insert (SARS spike) and challenged 5 weeks post-prime in an escalating dosing regimen starting with sub-infectious doses (1:10,000 or 2TCID50) of SIVmac251.Results:  In contrast to our previous study, the SAdV-7 vaccine regimen did not induce detectable mucosal CD4+ T cell activation at the time points assessed in animals obtained from a different vendor and housed in a different facility. Within the power of the study, we did not observe significantly increased SIV acquisition in SAdV-7-vaccinated (5\/10) versus placebo-vaccinated (3\/10) macaques after repeated low-dose intra-rectal SIVmac251 challenge (P\u2009&lt;\u2009 0.2).Conclusions:  These results lay groundwork for future experiments to assess vaccine-induced SIV susceptibility in rhesus macaques. Further larger-scale studies are necessary to confirm the AdV-vector vaccination associated trend towards increased SIV\/HIV acquisition and clarify associated mechanisms.Keywords:  vaccine; HIV; CD4; susceptibility<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.20411\/pai.v4i1.241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T14:17:35Z","timestamp":1548857855000},"page":"1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Susceptibility to SIV Infection After Adenoviral Vaccination in a Low Dose Rhesus Macaque Challenge Model"],"prefix":"10.20411","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Bukh Brody","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Calcedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary J.","family":"Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diane G.","family":"Carnathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Nason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benton O.","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melon T.","family":"Nega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Surina","family":"Boyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuyue","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas H.","family":"Vanderford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jolaine M.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Silvestri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Betts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"container-title":["Pathogens and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/paijournal.com\/index.php\/paijournal\/article\/viewFile\/241\/195","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/paijournal.com\/index.php\/paijournal\/article\/viewFile\/241\/196","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/paijournal.com\/index.php\/paijournal\/article\/viewFile\/241\/196","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T03:34:15Z","timestamp":1598844855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/paijournal.com\/index.php\/paijournal\/article\/view\/241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20411\/pai.v4i1.241","relation":{},"ISSN":["2469-2964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2469-2964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]}}}