{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T02:12:47Z","timestamp":1783649567310,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Korea Society for Exercise Nutrition","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/2.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023S1A5B5A17087591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023S1A5B5A17087591"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-pan.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phys Act Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>[Purpose] Circadian rhythm disruption is associated with metabolic dysfunction and obesity. While exercise can serve as a non-photic zeitgeber, the optimal intensity for evening exercise sessions in adults with obesity remains unclear. This pilot crossover trial compared the acute effects of evening high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) on circadian core body temperature rhythm, 24-hour glucose regulation, and sleep quality in adults with obesity.[Methods] Nine adult males with obesity (BMI \u2265 25 kg\/m\u00b2, Asia-Pacific criterion) completed a randomised crossover trial of HIIT (~30 min at 90% heart rate reserve [HRR]) and MIIT (~50 min at 60% HRR) on a cycle ergometer between 19:00 and 21:00, separated by a 7\u201314-day washout. Twenty-four-hour core body temperature (ingestible telemetric capsule), interstitial glucose (FreeStyle Libre 1), and wrist actigraphy were recorded for 24 h before and 24 h after each exercise session under standardised dietary intake. The primary outcome was the change in circadian temperature amplitude (\u0394 amplitude) derived from a 24-hour fixed-period cosine fit with non-negative amplitude bound; mesor and acrophase were co-primary. Effect sizes (Cohen\u2019s d_z) are reported throughout.[Results] \u0394 amplitude differed in direction between conditions (MIIT \u22120.01 \u00b1 0.19 \u00b0C; HIIT +0.12 \u00b1 0.24 \u00b0C) but did not reach conventional statistical significance (paired &lt;i&gt;t&lt;\/i&gt;(8) = \u22122.19, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.060, d_z = 0.73). Mesor (\u0394 contrast &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.49, d_z = 0.24) and circular acrophase (\u0394 contrast &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.67, d_z = 0.15) did not differ between conditions, with both protocols producing approximately one-hour phase advances. Twenty-four-hour mean glucose post-exercise trended lower following MIIT (95.9 \u00b1 6.1 mg\/dL) than HIIT (98.7 \u00b1 5.5 mg\/dL; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.081, d_z = \u22120.72); coefficient of variation, time in range, and mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions did not differ. Post-exercise sleep efficiency, total sleep time, and wake after sleep onset did not differ between conditions (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &gt; 0.50; |d_z| \u2264 0.24).[Conclusion] In this single-session pilot crossover trial in nine adult males with obesity, evening HIIT and MIIT produced acute changes of similar magnitude in mesor and phase, with a borderline non-significant between-condition difference in amplitude change. Twenty-four-hour mean glucose showed a comparable non-significant trend toward lower values following MIIT, whereas glucose variability and sleep markers did not differ between conditions. Larger work-matched trials are required to determine whether evening exercise intensity produces clinically meaningful differences in circadian or metabolic outcomes in adults with obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.20463\/pan.2026.0029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T06:22:32Z","timestamp":1782800552000},"page":"118-125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20463\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of exercise intensity on circadian rhythm and glucose regulation in adults with obesity: a randomized crossover trial"],"prefix":"10.20463","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Young-Im","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaesung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Korea 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Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngju","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Specialized Teaching and Research, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonghoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"8359","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.111.087213","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"S3","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"Obesity: Risk factors, complications, and strategies for sustainable long-term weight 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