{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:34:45Z","timestamp":1780446885879,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"OAE Publishing Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":["oaepublish.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Drug Resist."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n          Aim: Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) often develops chemoresistance, reducing treatment effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate diverse molecular mechanisms underlying acquired resistance by establishing and characterizing a comprehensive panel of UBC cell lines resistant to common chemotherapeutics.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n          Methods: Fifteen UBC cell lines were examined: three parental lines (RT-112, TCC-SUP, UMUC-3) and twelve derived sublines adapted to cisplatin, vinblastine, or gemcitabine. Drug sensitivity was assessed using the SRB assay. Resistance mechanisms were explored via quantitative real-time PCR (targeting genes including ABCB1, dCK, hENT1, ECHDC1, TUBB3), Western blotting (assessing proteins such as p21, Cyclin B, and Mcl-1), and biochemical assessment of glutathione levels and redox state.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n          Results: The adapted sublines exhibited distinct resistance profiles and cross-resistance patterns. Gene expression and protein analyses revealed drug- and lineage-specific alterations, involving factors such as p21, Cyclin B, and Mcl-1. Changes in glutathione metabolism were also associated with resistance. Notably, no single, universal mechanism accounted for resistance across the entire panel.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n          Conclusion: UBC cells develop diverse, context-dependent adaptive strategies to resist cisplatin, vinblastine, and gemcitabine. These findings highlight the complexity of chemoresistance mechanisms. The characterized cell line panel represents a valuable resource for future studies aimed at understanding and overcoming drug resistance in bladder cancer, suggesting that personalized therapeutic approaches may be necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2025.95","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T06:44:58Z","timestamp":1757659498000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20517\/oae.crossmark.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Distinct adaptive strategies to cisplatin, vinblastine and gemcitabine in a panel of chemoresistant bladder cancer cell 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