{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:16:35Z","timestamp":1792120595580,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"OAE Publishing Inc.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["oaepublish.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbiome Res Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: Akkermansia  are common members of the human gastrointestinal microbiota. The prevalence of these mucophilic bacteria, especially Akkermansia muciniphila  (A. muciniphila ), correlates with immunological and metabolic health. The genus Akkermansia  in humans includes species with significantly larger genomes than A. muciniphila ,  leading us to postulate that this added genetic content may influence how they impact human metabolic and immunological health.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Methods:  We conducted a pangenomic analysis of 234 Akkermansia  complete or near-complete genomes. We also used high-resolution species and subspecies assignments to reanalyze publicly available metagenomic datasets to determine if there are relationships between Akkermansia  species and A. muciniphila  clades with various disease outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Results:  Analysis of genome-wide average nucleotide identity, 16S rRNA gene identity, conservation of core Akkermansia  genes, and analysis of the fatty acid composition of representative isolates support the partitioning of the genus Akkermansia  into several species. In addition, A. muciniphila sensu stricto , the most prevalent Akkermansia  species in humans, should be subdivided into two subspecies. For a pediatric cohort, we observed species-specific correlations between Akkermansia  abundance with baseline obesity or after various interventions. For inflammatory bowel disease cohorts, we identified a decreased abundance of Akkermansia  in patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn\u2019s disease, which was species and subspecies-dependent. In patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies for non-small cell lung carcinoma, we observed a significant association between one A. muciniphila  subspecies and survival outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Conclusion:  Our findings suggest that the prevalence of specific Akkermansia  species and\/or subspecies can be crucial in evaluating their association with human health, particularly in different disease contexts, and is an important consideration for their use as probiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.20517\/mrr.2024.09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T03:33:26Z","timestamp":1718076806000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20517\/oae.crossmark.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Pangenomic analysis identifies correlations between <i>Akkermansia<\/i> species and subspecies and human health outcomes"],"prefix":"10.20517","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Katherine D.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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