{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:47:31Z","timestamp":1790380051753,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"African Traditional Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative (ATHMSI)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Afr J  Tradit Complement Altern Med"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis lacks effective and well-tolerated treatments. The current therapies mainly rely on\r\nantimonial drugs that are inadequate because of their poor efficacy. Traditional medicine offers a complementary\r\nalternative for the treatment of various diseases. Additionally, several plants have shown success as anti-leishmanial agents.\r\nTherefore, we sought to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo activity of MEBA against Leishmania mexicana.\r\nMaterials and Methods: Methanolic extract of B. aptera was obtained by macetration, after we determined in vitro antileishmanial\r\nactivity of MEBA by MTT assay and the induced apoptosis in promastigotes by flow cytometry. To analyze the\r\nin vivo anti-leishmanial activity, we used infected mice that were treated and not treated with MEBA and we determined the\r\nlevels of cytokines using ELISA. The phytochemical properties were determined by CG-MS and DPPH assay.\r\nResults: We determined of LC50 of 0.408 mg\/mL of MEBA for in vitro anti-leishmanial activity. MEBA induced apoptosis\r\nin promastigotes (15.3% \u00b1 0.86). Treated mice exhibited smaller lesions and contained significantly fewer parasites than\r\ndid untreated mice; in addition, we found that IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 increased in the sera of MEBA-treated mice. GC-MS\r\nanalysis showed that podophyllotoxin was the most abundant compound. Evaluation of the activity by DPPH assay\r\ndemonstrated an SC50 of 11.72 \u03bcg\/mL.\r\nConclusion: Based on the above data, it was concluded that MEBA is a good candidate in the search for new antileishmanial\r\nagents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21010\/ajtcam.v14i2.20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,29]],"date-time":"2017-03-29T10:59:47Z","timestamp":1490785187000},"page":"188-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["IN VIVO AND IN VITRO ANTILEISHMANIAL EFFECTS OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM BARK OF BURSERA APTERA"],"prefix":"10.21010","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"O. J.","family":"Nieto-Ya\u00c3\u00b1ez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. A.","family":"Resendiz-Albor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. A.","family":"Ruiz-Hurtado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Rivera-Ya\u00c3\u00b1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rodriguez- Canales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rodriguez-Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Juarez-Avelar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. G.","family":"Rodriguez-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. M.","family":"Canales-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Rodriguez-Monroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"8656","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]]},"container-title":["African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.athmsi.org\/index.php\/ajtcam\/article\/download\/4588\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.athmsi.org\/index.php\/ajtcam\/article\/download\/4588\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T08:47:22Z","timestamp":1683535642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.athmsi.org\/index.php\/ajtcam\/article\/view\/4588"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21010\/ajtcam.v14i2.20","relation":{},"ISSN":["2505-0044","0189-6016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2505-0044","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0189-6016","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]]}}}