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We describe how peak oil will affect health, nutrition, and health systems in low- and middle-income countries along 5 pathways.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The negative effects of peak oil on health and nutrition will be felt most acutely in the 58 low-income countries experiencing minimal or negative economic growth because of their patterns of sociopolitical, geographic, and economic vulnerability.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The global health community needs to take additional steps to build resilience among the residents of low- and middle-income countries and maintain access to maternal and other health services in the face of predicted changes in availability and price of fossil fuels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2011.300231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,22]],"date-time":"2011-07-22T05:58:20Z","timestamp":1311314300000},"page":"1607-1614","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Peak Oil and Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Impacts and 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