{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T16:00:53Z","timestamp":1780848053914,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. We examined the association between psychological abuse in a current relationship and current cigarette smoking among women, with and without the co-occurrence of physical or sexual abuse. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. Women\u2019s experience of psychological abuse, experience of physical or sexual abuse, and smoking status were ascertained through a survey of female nurses. A score of 20 or more on the Women\u2019s Experience With Battering scale defined psychological abuse. We used logistic regression to predict current smoking, adjusting for demographic and social covariates. Analyses included women in a current relationship (n=54200). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. Adjusted analyses demonstrated that women experiencing only psychological abuse alone were 33% (95% confidence interval [CI]=13%, 57%) more likely to smoke than nonabused women. Compared with nonabused women, psychologically abused women\u2019s risk of smoking was greater if they reported a single co-occurrence of physical or sexual abuse (odds ratio [OR]=1.5; 95% CI=1.3, 1.8) or multiple co-occurrences (OR=1.9; 95% CI=1.7, 2.3). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Psychological abuse in a current relationship was associated with an increased risk of smoking in this cohort of largely White, well-educated, and employed women. The co-occurrence of physical or sexual abuse enhanced that risk. Further research is needed to see if these associations hold for other groups. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2003.037663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,29]],"date-time":"2007-06-29T01:30:21Z","timestamp":1183080621000},"page":"527-535","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Intimate Partner Violence and Cigarette Smoking: Association Between Smoking Risk and Psychological Abuse With and Without Co-Occurrence of Physical and Sexual Abuse"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Hee-Jin","family":"Jun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hee-Jin Jun, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, and Rosalind J. Wright are with the Channing Laboratory and Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Janet W. Rich-Edwards is also with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, and the Connors Center for Women\u2019s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston. Ren\u00e9e Boynton-Jarrett is with the Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md. Rosalind J. Wright is also with the Department..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet W.","family":"Rich-Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hee-Jin Jun, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, and Rosalind J. Wright are with the Channing Laboratory and Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Janet W. Rich-Edwards is also with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, and the Connors Center for Women\u2019s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston. Ren\u00e9e Boynton-Jarrett is with the Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md. Rosalind J. Wright is also with the Department..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9e","family":"Boynton-Jarrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hee-Jin Jun, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, and Rosalind J. Wright are with the Channing Laboratory and Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Janet W. Rich-Edwards is also with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, and the Connors Center for Women\u2019s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston. Ren\u00e9e Boynton-Jarrett is with the Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md. Rosalind J. Wright is also with the Department..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalind J.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hee-Jin Jun, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, and Rosalind J. 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