{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T07:26:45Z","timestamp":1765438005379},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. We sought to determine hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection prevalence, associated exposures, and incidence among male inmates at a state correctional facility. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. A cross-sectional serological survey was conducted in June 2000, and susceptible inmates were retested in June 2001. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. At baseline, 230 inmates (20.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]=18.2%, 22.9%) exhibited evidence of HBV infection, including 11 acute and 11 chronic infections. Inmates with HBV infection were more likely than susceptible inmates to have injected drugs (38.8% vs 18.0%; adjusted prevalence odds ratio [OR]=3.0; 95% CI=1.9, 4.9), to have had more than 25 female sex partners (27.7% vs 17.5%; adjusted prevalence OR=2.0; 95% CI=1.4, 3.0), and to have been incarcerated for more than 14 years (38.4% vs 17.6%; adjusted prevalence OR=1.7; 95% CI=1.1, 2.6). One year later, 18 (3.6%) showed evidence of new HBV infection. Among 19 individuals with infections, molecular analysis identified 2 clusters involving 10 inmates, each with a unique HBV sequence. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. We documented ongoing HBV transmission at a state correctional facility. Similar transmission may occur at other US correctional facilities and could be prevented by vaccination of inmates. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2004.047753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,26]],"date-time":"2005-09-26T20:13:33Z","timestamp":1127765613000},"page":"1793-1799","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Ongoing Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Inmates at a State Correctional Facility"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Amy J.","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. Bell are with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. Kathryn E. Arnold is with the Division of Public Health, Georgia..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edgar P.","family":"Simard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. Bell are with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. Kathryn E. Arnold is with the Division of Public Health, Georgia..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Bower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. Bell are with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. Kathryn E. Arnold is with the Division of Public Health, Georgia..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather L.","family":"Wurtzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. Bell are with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. Kathryn E. Arnold is with the Division of Public Health, Georgia..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Khristova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. Bell are with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. Kathryn E. Arnold is with the Division of Public Health, Georgia..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karla D.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. Bell are with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. Kathryn E. Arnold is with the Division of Public Health, Georgia..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn E.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. Bell are with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. Kathryn E. Arnold is with the Division of Public Health, Georgia..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omana V.","family":"Nainan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. Bell are with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. Kathryn E. Arnold is with the Division of Public Health, Georgia..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madeleine","family":"LaMarre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of this study, Amy J. Khan and Karla D. Wagner were with the Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Edgar P. Simard, William A. Bower, Heather L. Wurtzel, Marina Khristova, Omana V. Nainan, and Beth P. 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