{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T21:51:46Z","timestamp":1769723506505,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. The health risks of smoking are well documented, as is the effectiveness of clinical and public health interventions to prevent and reduce smoking. However, many myths about smoking either encourage people to begin or continue smoking or deter them from quitting. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Some myths stem from a misapplied understanding of what might seem to be common sense; others are deliberately promulgated by the tobacco industry to induce people\u2014especially children\u2014to start smoking and to keep them smoking as adults. These myths undermine tobacco control. However, comprehensive tobacco control programs that include anti-smoking public education campaigns can effectively counter these myths and prevent illness and premature death. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2005.063073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,29]],"date-time":"2005-07-29T00:44:25Z","timestamp":1122597865000},"page":"1500-1505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Dirty Dozen: 12 Myths That Undermine Tobacco Control"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Frieden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas R. Frieden and Drew E. Blakeman are with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Drew E.","family":"Blakeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas R. Frieden and Drew E. Blakeman are with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and productivity losses\u2014United States, 1997\u20132001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2005;54:625\u2013628."},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"Cigarette smoking-attributable morbidity\u2014United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2003; 52:842\u2013844."},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14338-3"},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"Cigarette smoking among adults\u2014United States, 2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2004;53:427\u2013431."},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyg097"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4877.1451"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/108107300406875"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20147"},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"O\u2019Keefe AM, Pollay RW. Deadly targeting of women in promoting cigarettes. J Am Med Womens Assoc.1996; 51:67\u201369."},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.6.908"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.11.suppl_1.i92"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200310001649478"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839904264617"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.14.6.500"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.266.22.3154"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.20.1538"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7054.398"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.7.511"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7285.513"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.11.3.191"},{"key":"R24","unstructured":"Chen J, Millar WJ. Age of smoking initiation: implications for quitting. Health Rep.1998;9:39\u201346."},{"key":"R26","unstructured":"Cigarette smoking among adults\u2014United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2002;51:642\u2013645."},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx0340753"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.112103"},{"key":"R30","unstructured":"Kirkland SA, MacLean DR, Langille DB, et al. Knowledge and awareness of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among Canadians 55 to 74 years of age: results from the Canadian Heart Health Surveys, 1986\u20131992. CMAJ.1999;161(suppl 8):S10\u2013S16."},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.10.2.170"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.2.300"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200207000-00005"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1997.287"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.56.9.702"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7446.980"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ventura SJ, Hamilton BE, Mathews TJ, et al. Trends and variations in smoking during pregnancy and low birthweight: evidence from the birth certificate, 1990\u20132000. Pediatrics.2003;111: 1176\u20131180.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.S1.1176"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/009841098158359"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1997.0175"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.1.18"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1462220021000032870"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00004-X"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2004.30358.x"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.11.suppl_1.i18"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/009841097160393"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6959.901"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02245088"},{"key":"R57","unstructured":"Cigarette smoking among adults\u2014United States, 1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.1997;46:1217\u20131220."},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(00)00124-0"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199710233371703"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.19.2337"},{"key":"R63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1462220031000073252"},{"key":"R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.20.3128"},{"key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(01)80023-0"},{"key":"R66","unstructured":"Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs\u2014United States, 1995\u20131999. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2002; 51:300\u2013303."},{"key":"R68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.54.8.566"},{"key":"R69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(02)00643-8"},{"key":"R70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38142.554479.AE"},{"key":"R71","unstructured":"Janson C. The effect of passive smoking on respiratory health in children and adults. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis.2004;8:510\u2013516."},{"key":"R72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000073973"},{"key":"R73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.11.3.220"},{"key":"R74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.4.436"},{"key":"R75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.10.4.383"},{"key":"R76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38070.503009.EE"},{"key":"R77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011528"},{"key":"R78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7114.973"},{"key":"R79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.5.381"},{"key":"R80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.52.11.1003"},{"key":"R82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530400029034"},{"key":"R84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-15.5.350"},{"key":"R85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.10.3.233"},{"key":"R86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199711060-00003"},{"key":"R87","unstructured":"Tobacco use, access, and exposure to tobacco in media among middle and high school students\u2014United States, 2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2005;54:297\u2013301."},{"key":"R88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7442.759"},{"key":"R92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7257.313"},{"key":"R93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7257.371"},{"key":"R94","unstructured":"Kasindorf M. Tobacco execs launch attack on anti-smoking ads. USA Today. June 8, 2003:A4."},{"key":"R95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2003.006676"},{"key":"R96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.21.2.254"},{"key":"R97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa003149"},{"key":"R98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.9.2.163"},{"key":"R100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1251927"},{"key":"R101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13970-0"},{"key":"R102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.2.261"},{"key":"R103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)03568-6"},{"key":"R104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.10.1.16"},{"key":"R105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.7.1131"},{"key":"R106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.98.s1.6.x"},{"key":"R107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(02)00459-2"},{"key":"R108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.6.901"},{"key":"R109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.85.9.1218"},{"key":"R110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.80.5.565"},{"key":"R111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.82.1.96"},{"key":"R112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.82.6.827"},{"key":"R113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.82.9.1210"},{"key":"R114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.058164"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2005.063073","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T22:25:58Z","timestamp":1652135158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2005.063073"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2005.063073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2005.063073","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]}}}