{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:48:01Z","timestamp":1787161681705,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. We examined the prevalence of Internet use for meeting sexual partners (Internet partners) and HIV risk behaviors associated with this use among young men who have sex with men (aged 16\u201324 years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Methods. A sample of 270 young men who have sex with men completed a computer-assisted survey. We used bivariate \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    analyses and hierarchical logistic regression to assess factors associated with Internet-facilitated sexual encounters.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results. Using the Internet to meet sexual partners was common; 48% of our sample had sexual relations with a partner they met online. Of these, only 53% used condoms consistently, and 47% reported having sexual partners older (&gt;4 years) than themselves. Regression analyses showed increased age, White race\/ethnicity, history of unprotected anal intercourse, multiple anal intercourse partners, and engaging in sexual activity at a sex club or a bathhouse were associated with meeting sexual partners through the Internet. Only history of unprotected anal intercourse was associated with risky sexual behaviors with Internet partners (P&lt;0.025).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions. Young men who have sex with men and who seek partners online also engage in other behaviors that place them at risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2005.075630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,26]],"date-time":"2007-04-26T21:10:49Z","timestamp":1177621849000},"page":"1113-1117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":174,"title":["Tip of the Iceberg: Young Men Who Have Sex With Men, the Internet, and HIV Risk"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Garofalo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Garofalo is with the Adolescent HIV Services, Children\u2019s Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill, and the Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago. Amy Herrick is with the Department of Research, Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago. Brian S. Mustanski and Geri Rachel Donenberg are with the Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois, Chicago."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Herrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Garofalo is with the Adolescent HIV Services, Children\u2019s Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill, and the Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago. Amy Herrick is with the Department of Research, Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago. Brian S. Mustanski and Geri Rachel Donenberg are with the Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois, Chicago."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Mustanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Garofalo is with the Adolescent HIV Services, Children\u2019s Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill, and the Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago. Amy Herrick is with the Department of Research, Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago. Brian S. Mustanski and Geri Rachel Donenberg are with the Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois, Chicago."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geri Rachel","family":"Donenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Garofalo is with the Adolescent HIV Services, Children\u2019s Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill, and the Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago. Amy Herrick is with the Department of Research, Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago. Brian S. Mustanski and Geri Rachel Donenberg are with the Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois, Chicago."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.admecli.2005.03.001"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(02)00373-7"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224490509552258"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014739203657"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000174457.08992.62"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200107270-00010"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000171411.84231.f6"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200109010-00013"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000137902.71284.b0"},{"key":"R12","unstructured":"Klausner JD, Wolf W, Fischer-Ponce L, Zolt I, Katz MH. Tracing syphilis outbreak through cyber-space.\n                      JAMA\n                      . 2000;248:477\u2013450."},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.4.443"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.79.6.466"},{"key":"R15","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV incidence among young men who have sex with men\u2014seven US cities, 1994\u20132000.\n                      MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep\n                      . 2001;50:440\u2013444."},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.7.1201"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.6.4.e41"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331292426"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331292471"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331292507"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224490109552100"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.14.6.367.24075"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009739"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2005.075630","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T18:51:57Z","timestamp":1652122317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2005.075630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2005.075630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2005.075630","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}}}