{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T16:41:35Z","timestamp":1784997695066,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Data on HIV risk were collected with the Countywide Risk Assessment Survey from 2126 participants; 92 were male-to-female transgender persons (i.e., cross-dressers, and those who identify with the opposite sex), and 9 were male-to-female transsexual individuals (i.e., those who have undergone gender-reassignment surgery or other procedures). Transgender-identified individuals were more likely than the rest of the sample to have received hormone injections, offensive comments, and HIV testing; injected hormones with a used needle; been Asian or American Indian; been paid for sexual intercourse; and lived in unstable housing but less likely to have used heroin. Transgender-identified individuals are at high risk for HIV infection because of reuse of needles and being paid for sexual intercourse. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2006.097717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,27]],"date-time":"2007-04-27T01:10:49Z","timestamp":1177636249000},"page":"1030-1033","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Male-to-Female Transgender and Transsexual Clients of HIV Service Programs in Los Angeles County, California"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Jordan W.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Jordan W. Edwards was with California State University, Long Beach. Dennis G. Fisher and Grace L. Reynolds are with the Center for Behavioral Research and Services, California State University, Long Beach."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis G.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Jordan W. Edwards was with California State University, Long Beach. Dennis G. Fisher and Grace L. Reynolds are with the Center for Behavioral Research and Services, California State University, Long Beach."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace L.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Jordan W. Edwards was with California State University, Long Beach. Dennis G. Fisher and Grace L. Reynolds are with the Center for Behavioral Research and Services, California State University, Long Beach."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200112010-00012"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.6.915"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331299825"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540129850124028"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120220098008"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540129947938"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000122712.59121.0e"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.040501"},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"Namaste VK. HIV\/AIDS and female to male transsexuals and transvestites: results from a needs assessment in Quebec. Int J Transgenderism. 1999; 3(1 and 2). Available at: http:\/\/www.symposion.com\/ijt\/hiv_risk\/namaste.htm. Accessed April 11, 2007."},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.7.1193"},{"key":"R14","unstructured":"Reback CJ, Lombardi EL. HIV risk behaviors of male-to-female transgenders in a community-based harm reduction program. Int J Transgenderism. 1999; 3(1 and 2). Available at: http:\/\/www.symposium.com\/ijt\/hiv_risk\/reback.htm. Accessed April 24, 2007."},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.11.1842"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013669705086"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2006.097717","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T22:50:30Z","timestamp":1652136630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2006.097717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2006.097717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2006.097717","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}}}