{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T09:11:38Z","timestamp":1716801098854},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The Equity in Prescription Insurance and Contraceptive Coverage Act, introduced in Congress in 1997 and still unpassed, seeks to redress health insurers\u2019 failure to pay for birth control as they pay for other prescription drugs, most paradoxically Viagra. <\/jats:p><jats:p> In 1936 the International Workers Order (IWO), a fraternal society, became the first insurer to include contraception in its benefits package. A forerunner in the movement for prepaid medical care, the IWO offered its members primary care and contraceptive services for annual flat fees. Founded at a time when the legal status of contraception was in flux, the IWO\u2019s Birth Control Center was the only such clinic to operate on an insurance system. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Recent state laws and judicial actions have revived the IWO\u2019s groundbreaking view of contraception as a basic preventive service deserving of insurance coverage. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2006.098145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,30]],"date-time":"2007-08-30T01:31:43Z","timestamp":1188437503000},"page":"1737-1745","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Contraceptive Equity"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Temkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"During the writing of this article, the author was with Planned Parenthood of Connecticut, Bridgeport."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"A Bill to Require Equitable Coverage of Prescription Contraceptive Drugs and Devices, and Contraceptive Services Under Health Plans, S 1214, 109th Congress, 1st session, Congressional Record 151 (June 9, 2005): S6316. Available at: http:\/\/frwebgate.access.gpo.gov\/cgi-bin\/getpage.cgi?position=all&page=S6316&dbname=2005_record. Accessed July 12, 2006."},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"Jennifer N. White, \u201cThe Contraception Misconception: Why Prescription Contraceptives Should be Covered by Employer Insurance Plans,\u201d Hofstra Law Review 31, no. 1 (2004): 271\u2013302."},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"Sol Ginsberg, \u201cCooperating for Health,\u201d New Order, February 1938, 9."},{"key":"#cr-split#-R14.1","unstructured":"JAMA 49 (1907), quoted in Jerome L. Schwartz, \"Early History of Prepaid Medical Care Plans,\" Bulletin of the History of Medicine 39, no. 5 (1965): 461"},{"key":"#cr-split#-R14.2","unstructured":"Paul Starr, The Social Transformation of American Medicine (New York: Basic Books, 1982), 200-209."},{"key":"R16","unstructured":"\u201cNew York, Detroit and Philadelphia Join in Anti-Syphilis War,\u201d New Order, December 1937, 11; \u201cX-Ray for Members,\u201d Fraternal Outlook, December 1939, 2, 27; \u201cChest X-Ray Survey,\u201d Fraternal Outlook, February 1949, 15; Peter Shipka, \u201cOur Order and Its Benefits,\u201d in Five Years of International Workers Order 30\u201334."},{"key":"R18","unstructured":"Cheri Appel, \u201cPlanning Your Family,\u201d Fraternal Outlook, May 1940, 29."},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ibid, 30; Letter to the editor, New Order, October 1937, 21.","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2002.21.1.30"},{"key":"R20","unstructured":"\u201cFor the Ladies,\u201d Fraternal Outlook, January 1940, 9."},{"key":"R21","unstructured":"Dave Greene, \u201cDer Meditzinisher Department in Nyu York [The Medical Department in New York],\u201d in Almanakh [Almanac], 460."},{"key":"R22","unstructured":"I. W. Kahn, \u201cThe Problem of Criminal Abortion in the City of New York,\u201d Medical Record 142, no. 8 (1935): 9, 11, 13, and no. 9 (1935): 406."},{"key":"R23","unstructured":"Harry Reid and Hillary Rodham Clinton, \u201cAbortion Debate Shuns Prevention,\u201d Albany Times Union, April 18, 2006, http:\/\/www.timesunion.com\/AspStories\/storyprint.asp?StoryID=472621 (accessed July 12, 2006)."},{"key":"R25","unstructured":"Gretta Palmer, \u201cBirth Control Goes Suave,\u201d Today, July 20, 1935, 14\u201315, quoted in Linda Gordon, Woman\u2019s Body, Woman\u2019s Right, 2nd ed (New York: Penguin Books, 1990), 323."},{"key":"R27","unstructured":"Henry F. Pringle, \u201cWhat Do the Women of America Think About Birth Control?\u201d Ladies\u2019 Home Journal, March 1938, 14\u201315, 94\u201395, 97."},{"key":"R29","unstructured":"US v. One Package, 86 F.2d 737 (1936), quoted in Chesler, Woman of Valor, 373."},{"key":"R30","unstructured":"\u201cThe Report of the Committee on Contraception of the American Medical Association,\u201d Journal of Contraception 2, no. 6\u20137 (1937): 123."},{"key":"R33","unstructured":"Cheri Appel, letter to the editor, New York Times, February 13, 1990, A24."},{"key":"R34","unstructured":"\u201cThe Accident of Birth,\u201d Fortune, February 1938, 85."},{"key":"R36","unstructured":"Ibid; Eric M. Matsner, Medical Indications for Contraceptive Advice, 1938, box 10, Planned Parenthood Federation of America Records, 1918\u20131974 (PPFA I), Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College; Hannah M. Stone, \u201cMultiparity as an Indication for Contraception,\u201d Human Fertility 5, no. 5 (1940): 144; Morris L. Ernst and Harriet F. Pilpel, \u201cA Medical Bill of Rights,\u201d Journal of Contraception 2, no. 2 (1937): 35\u201337."},{"key":"#cr-split#-R38.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Birth Control League for the Year 1937, pp. 29-30","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-193705000-00021"},{"key":"#cr-split#-R38.2","unstructured":"Hannah M. Stone, \"The Vaginal Diaphragm,\" Journal of Contraception 3, no. 6-7 (1938): 123."},{"key":"R40","unstructured":"Tone, Devices and Desires, 68, 170."},{"key":"R41","unstructured":"Marie E. Kopp, Birth Control in Practice (New York: Robert M. McBride & Co, 1934), 134, 211."},{"key":"R44","unstructured":"Hannah M. Stone, \u201cOcclusive Methods of Contraception,\u201d Journal of Contraception 2, no. 5 (1937): 102\u2013105; Dickinson and Morris, Techniques of Conception Control, 23; Tone, Devices and Desires, 264."},{"key":"R45","unstructured":"\u201cThe Main Task Before the IWO,\u201d in Five Years of International Workers Order, 59."},{"key":"R48","unstructured":"Starr, Social Transformation, 277\u2013287."},{"key":"R51","unstructured":"Sabin, Red Scare in Court, 212\u2013215."},{"key":"R54","unstructured":"Cynthia Dailard, \u201cContraceptive Coverage: A 10-Year Retrospective,\u201d Guttmacher Report on Public Policy 7, no. 2 (2004), http:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/pubs\/tgr\/07\/2\/gr070206.html (accessed July 17, 2006); \u201cState Policies in Brief: Insurance Coverage of Contraceptives,\u201d July 2007, http:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/statecenter\/spibs\/spib_ICC.pdf (accessed July 18, 2007)."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2006.098145","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T22:20:26Z","timestamp":1652134826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2006.098145"}},"subtitle":["The Birth Control Center of the International Workers Order"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2006.098145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2006.098145","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]}}}