{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:52:56Z","timestamp":1791291176260,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. We assessed the association between mortality and disability and quantified the effect of disability-associated risk factors. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. We linked data from cross-sectional health surveys in the Netherlands to the population registry to create a large data set comprising baseline covariates and an indicator of death. We used Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratio of disability on mortality. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. Among men, the unadjusted hazard ratio for activities of daily living, mobility, or mild disability defined by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development at age 55 years was 7.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.36, 14.13), 5.21 (95% CI = 3.19, 8.51), and 1.87 (95% CI = 1.58, 2.22), respectively. People with disability in activities of daily living and mobility had a 10-year shorter life expectancy than nondisabled people had, of which 6 years could be explained by differences in lifestyle, sociodemographics, and major chronic diseases. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Disabled people face a higher mortality risk than nondisabled people do. Although the difference can be explained by diseases and other risk factors for those with mild disability, we cannot rule out that more severe disabilities have an independent effect on mortality. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2011.300361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,21]],"date-time":"2011-10-21T04:20:52Z","timestamp":1319170852000},"page":"e9-e15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Mortality Risk Associated With Disability: A Population-Based Record Linkage Study"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Istvan M.","family":"Majer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"I. M. Majer, W. J. Nusselder, Johan P. Mackenbach, and B. Klijs are with the Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. P. H. M. van Baal is with the Institute of Health Policy & Management\/Institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, and the Expertise Centre for Methodology and Information Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilma J.","family":"Nusselder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. M. Majer, W. J. Nusselder, Johan P. Mackenbach, and B. Klijs are with the Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. P. H. M. van Baal is with the Institute of Health Policy & Management\/Institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, and the Expertise Centre for Methodology and Information Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan P.","family":"Mackenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. M. Majer, W. J. Nusselder, Johan P. Mackenbach, and B. Klijs are with the Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. P. H. M. van Baal is with the Institute of Health Policy & Management\/Institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, and the Expertise Centre for Methodology and Information Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Klijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. M. Majer, W. J. Nusselder, Johan P. Mackenbach, and B. Klijs are with the Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. P. H. M. van Baal is with the Institute of Health Policy & Management\/Institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, and the Expertise Centre for Methodology and Information Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter H. 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