{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T05:46:16Z","timestamp":1768887976483,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. We examined associations of geographic measures of poverty, race, ethnicity, and city status with rates of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher and adenocarcinoma in situ (CIN2+\/AIS), known precursors to cervical cancer. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. We identified 3937 cases of CIN2+\/AIS among women aged 20 to 39 years in statewide surveillance data from Connecticut for 2008 to 2009. We geocoded cases to census tracts and used census data to calculate overall and age-specific rates. Poisson regression determined whether rates differed by geographic measures. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. The average annual rate of CIN2+\/AIS was 417.6 per 100\u2009000 women. Overall, higher rates of CIN2+\/AIS were associated with higher levels of poverty and higher proportions of Black residents. Poverty was the strongest and most consistently associated measure. However, among women aged 20 to 24 years, we observed inverse associations between poverty and CIN2+\/AIS rates. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Disparities in cervical cancer precursors exist for poverty and race, but these effects are age dependent. This information is necessary to monitor human papillomavirus vaccine impact and target vaccination strategies. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2011.300447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,19]],"date-time":"2012-04-19T19:54:30Z","timestamp":1334865270000},"page":"156-163","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Geographic Poverty and Racial\/Ethnic Disparities in Cervical Cancer Precursor Rates in Connecticut, 2008\u20132009"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Linda M.","family":"Niccolai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Linda M. Niccolai, Pamela J. Julian, Alyssa Bilinksi, Niti R. Mehta, James I. Meek, and James L. Hadler were with the Yale School of Public Health and the Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, New Haven. Daniel Zelterman was with the Yale School of Public Health. Lynn Sosa was with the Connecticut Department of Health, Hartford."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela J.","family":"Julian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Linda M. Niccolai, Pamela J. Julian, Alyssa Bilinksi, Niti R. Mehta, James I. Meek, and James L. Hadler were with the Yale School of Public Health and the Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, New Haven. Daniel Zelterman was with the Yale School of Public Health. Lynn Sosa was with the Connecticut Department of Health, Hartford."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alyssa","family":"Bilinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Linda M. Niccolai, Pamela J. Julian, Alyssa Bilinksi, Niti R. Mehta, James I. Meek, and James L. Hadler were with the Yale School of Public Health and the Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, New Haven. 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