{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T08:20:01Z","timestamp":1769156401829,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. We examined and compared the changing neighborhood characteristics of a group of homeless adults over time.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods. We collected the addresses of previous housing and sleep locations from a longitudinal study of 400 homeless adults in the St. Louis, Missouri, region and compared census measures of housing and economic opportunities at different points along individual pathways from housing to homelessness and at 1- and 2-year follow-up interviews.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results. Sleep locations of homeless adults were much more concentrated in the urban core at baseline than were their previous housed and follow-up locations. These core areas had higher poverty, unemployment, and rent-to-income ratios and lower median incomes.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions. The spatial concentration of homeless adults in areas with fewer opportunities and more economic and housing distress may present additional barriers to regaining stable housing and employment. A big-picture spatial and time-course viewpoint is critical for both policymakers and future homelessness researchers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2012.301007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]],"date-time":"2013-02-14T21:07:30Z","timestamp":1360876050000},"page":"679-685","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Neighborhood Context of Homelessness"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Ben","family":"Alexander-Eitzman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Alexander-Eitzman is with the Department of Social Work, College of Health Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. David E. Pollio is with the School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Carol S. North is with the VA North Texas Health Care System and Departments of Psychiatry and Surgery, Division of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Pollio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Alexander-Eitzman is with the Department of Social Work, College of Health Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. David E. Pollio is with the School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Carol S. North is with the VA North Texas Health Care System and Departments of Psychiatry and Surgery, Division of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol S.","family":"North","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Alexander-Eitzman is with the Department of Social Work, College of Health Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. David E. Pollio is with the School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Carol S. North is with the VA North Texas Health Care System and Departments of Psychiatry and Surgery, Division of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0080392"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.20.2492"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10511482.2001.9521428"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.076190"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2747\/0272-3638.12.2.137"},{"key":"bib6","volume-title":"Making Room: The Economics of Homelessness","author":"O\u2019Flaherty B","year":"1996"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(96)00432-7"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764204274201"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2747\/0272-3638.12.2.99"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005105421548"},{"key":"bib11","volume-title":"Landscapes of Despair: From Deinstitutionalization to Homelessness","author":"Dear MJ","year":"1987"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/a35205"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1535-6841.2004.00064.x"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10511482.1996.9521224"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J147v25n04_02"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199807000-00002"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.51.12.1536"},{"key":"bib18","volume-title":"Diagnostic Interview Schedule for the DSM-IV","author":"Robbins L","year":"1994"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.174"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib20","first-page":"82","volume":"54","author":"Smith EM","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib21","first-page":"109","volume":"3","author":"Cottler L","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"bib22","unstructured":"ArcMap. [computer program]. Version 9.3.Redlands, CA:ESRI;2008."},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19990315)18:5<497::AID-SIM45>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"bib24","volume-title":"Census 2000 Summary File 3","author":"US Census Bureau","year":"2001"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6801.523-a"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/214027"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.125138"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-007-0225-0"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.6.6.731"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/04353684.1971.11879353"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/10618600.1996.10474713","volume":"5","author":"Ihaka R","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Comput Graph Statist"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2012.301007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T02:26:22Z","timestamp":1714962382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2012.301007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2012.301007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2012.301007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}}}